Genetic polymorphisms of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in the Middle East.

Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto is a cosmopolitan parasite causing cystic echinococcosis in humans and livestock. Recent molecular phylogeographic studies suggested the rapid dispersal of the parasite by the anthropogenic movement of domestic animal hosts. In the present study, genetic polymorphism of E.

Production of monoclonal antibodies against the 8 kDa subunit of Echinococcus granulosus Antigen B (EgAgB8/2) using DNA immunization.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), an endemic cosmopolitan zoonotic helminthic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, lacks reliable diagnostic tools that fulfill the criteria of high sensitivity and specificity. Antigen B (AgB), a thermostable lipoprotein that constitutes a considerable fraction of the cystic hydatid fluid (HF), is being considered as a suitable source for vaccination and immunodiagnosis of CE due to its high specificity. Genetic immunization was used to immunize BALB/c mice with the second subunit of antigen B (EgAgB8/2) for the production of monoclonal antibodies (MAb).

The induction of T helper type 1 response by cytokine gene transfection protects mice against secondary hydatidosis.

Infection of BALB/c mice with protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus constitutes a model for the study of secondary hydatidosis (SH) and the associated immune response in immunization and infection trials. This study aimed at testing the efficacy of the cytokine gene expression approach to modulate the immune response and the magnitude of cyst development in mice with secondary hydatidosis. At the time of cyst development (28 days post infection), mice were injected intramuscularly with an expression vector containing murine promoter and carrying the open reading frames of IFN-gamma, IL-12 (Th1 cytokines), or IL-4 (Th2 cytokine).

Humoral and cytokine response during protection of mice against secondary hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus.

Infection of BALB/c mouse with protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus constitutes a model for the study of secondary hydatidosis and the associated immune response in immunization and infection trials. The aims of this study were to induce a protective immunity against secondary hydatidosis using conventional vaccination approaches and to analyse the immune responses that accompany this protection. Mice immunized with antigen B (AgB), a component of crude sheep hydatid fluid (CSHF), showed a significant level of protection as indicated by a 98.

Echinococcus granulosus in Jordan: assessment of various antigenic preparations for use in the serodiagnosis of surgically confirmed cases using enzyme immuno assays and the indirect haemagglutination test.

The Enzyme linked immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), indirect haemagglutination (IHA), and immunoblot techniques (IB) were used for the serodiagnosis of surgically confirmed cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Antigens used for the detection of IgG or total antibodies included crude sheep hydatid fluid (CSHF), autoclaved antigen B (AAB), boiled antigen B (BAB), and homogenate protoscoleces antigen (HPA). The overall sensitivity of the ELISA and IHA tests used for the serodiagnosis of 57 surgically confirmed human cases was 91.

Copro-diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs by amplification of a newly identified repeated DNA sequence.

Diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs by detecting adult worms recovered post mortem or purged from the intestines after treatment with arecoline is not suitable for mass screening. Large-scale diagnosis by detection of copro-antigens is useful but only with relatively high intensity infections, and only by genus. To provide a more sensitive and specific diagnosis, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed, that amplified a target repeated sequence (EgG1 Hae III) newly identified in the genome of the common sheep strain of E.

Retrospective surgical incidence and case distribution of cystic echinococcosis in Jordan between 1994 and 2000.

A retrospective follow-up study on the surgical incidence of cystic echinococcosis (CE) was carried out in major governmental, military and private hospitals throughout Jordan between 1994 and 2000. A total of 472 cases were recorded over the 7-year period and an overall mean annual surgical incidence (MASI) of 2.3 per 100,000 inhabitants was estimated.

Canine echinococcosis in northern Jordan: increased prevalence and dominance of sheep/dog strain.

A total of 112 stray and semi-stray dogs (Canis familiaris) from four different geographical areas in northern and middle Jordan were necropsied to evaluate the prevalence and intensity of intestinal helminthiasis. Of these, 33 dogs (29.5%) were infected with Echinococcus granulosus and 61 (54.