Multimodality imaging of pediatric ascariasis.

Ascariasis is a prevalent intestinal helminthic infection caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, commonly known as roundworm. While the disease may remain asymptomatic when the parasites are confined to the intestinal lumen of the small bowel, symptoms and complications can arise when the helminths invade the biliary tree or pancreatic ducts. In cases of severe infection, a mass of roundworms can lead to intestinal complications, such as bowel obstruction.

Add-on multiple submucosal injections of the RNA oligonucleotide GUT-1 to anti-TNF antibody treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: an open-label, proof-of concept study.

Background: Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 15 (CHST15) is an enzyme biosynthesizing matrix glycosaminoglycan that modulates tissue remodeling. We evaluated the efficacy of add-on submucosal injections of GUT-1, the RNA oligonucleotide inhibitor of CHST15, to ongoing anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antibody treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: This was an open-label study of 250 nM of GUT-1 by endoscopic submucosal injections at weeks 0, 2, 4 in five UC patients who lost response during maintenance treatment to anti-TNF antibodies.

Trends of Early -Uninfected Gastric Cancer in an Aging Regional Area.

: We aimed to determine the trends over time and current status of early -uninfected gastric cancer (HpUIGC) treatment in a region with an aging population. : This retrospective, multi-center observational study was conducted at seven major general hospitals in Kagoshima Prefecture. From January 2009 to July 2022, 2091 patients who received endoscopic resection (ER) for early gastric cancer (EGC) were retrospectively enrolled, of which 35 were identified as early HpUIGC cases.

Establishment and Characterization of an Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell Line Expressing CD13 and CD33 with a Complex Philadelphia Translocation.

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of Philadelphia (Ph)-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), we established a lymphoblastoid cell line. Methods Bone marrow cells from a patient with Ph-positive ALL were enriched by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation and cultured in medium with fetal calf serum. Materials The mononuclear cells of bone marrow aspirate were obtained from an adult man with ALL after he experienced relapse following induction therapy including imatinib mesylate.

Spinal Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle Contributes to the Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide/PAC1 Receptor-Induced Nociceptive Behaviors in Mice.

We have previously shown that spinal pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)/PACAP type 1 (PAC1) receptor signaling triggered long-lasting nociceptive behaviors through astroglial activation in mice. Since astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) could be essential for long-term synaptic facilitation, we aimed to elucidate a possible involvement of spinal ANLS in the development of the PACAP/PAC1 receptor-induced nociceptive behaviors. A single intrathecal administration of PACAP induced short-term spontaneous aversive behaviors, followed by long-lasting mechanical allodynia in mice.

The Pivotal Role of Neuropeptide Crosstalk from Ventromedial-PACAP to Dorsomedial-Galanin in the Appetite Regulation in the Mouse Hypothalamus.

We have previously shown that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) enhances feeding during the dark cycle and after fasting, and inhibits feeding during the light cycle. On the other hand, galanin is highly expressed in the hypothalamus and has been reported to be involved in feeding regulation. In this study, we investigated the involvement of the VMH-PACAP to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH)-galanin signaling in the regulation of feeding.

Treatment Result of the Mucopexy-Recto Anal Lifting Method for Hemorrhoids in Comparison with Ligation and Excision, and Aluminum Potassium Sulfate and Tannic Acid Sclerotherapy.

The outcomes of Mucopexy-Recto Anal Lifting (MuRAL) in hemorrhoid surgery were compared with ligation and excision (LE), and aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid sclerotherapy (ALTA). In this study, we conducted a 3-year follow-up study of MuRAL (380 cases) and compared it with LE (1417 cases) and ALTA (541 cases) performed at the same period. Operative time, mean hospital stay, postoperative pain, postoperative complications, and recurrence were compared and examined retrospectively.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of cecal appendix diameter in pediatric population.

Objective: To stratify ultrasound samples in a pediatric population undergoing evaluation for acute appendicitis to examine the variability in cecal appendix diameter, in different age groups, and to determine whether there is a prevalent value for each age group.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study with 196 children aged 0 to 15 years. Data were extracted from reports of ultrasound examinations carried out between 2008 and 2015.

The dorsal hippocampal protein targeting to glycogen maintains ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits expression and contributes to working and short-term memories in mice.

Brain glycogen metabolism is known to be involved in the learning and memory processes. Protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) is a crucial molecule for glycogenesis, and its expression level is shown to be increased in the dorsal hippocampus during fear memory acquisition and recall, suggesting that PTG may contribute to the memory process. However, its detailed role in the dorsal hippocampus remains unclear.

Involvement of A5/A7 noradrenergic neurons and B2 serotonergic neurons in nociceptive processing: a fiber photometry study.

In the central nervous system, the A6 noradrenaline (NA) and the B3 serotonin (5-HT) cell groups are well-recognized players in the descending antinociceptive system, while other NA/5-HT cell groups are not well characterized. A5/A7 NA and B2 5-HT cells project to the spinal horn and form descending pathways. We recorded G-CaMP6 green fluorescence signal intensities in the A5/A7 NA and the B2 5-HT cell groups of awake mice in response to acute tail pinch stimuli, acute heat stimuli, and in the context of a non-noxious control test, using fiber photometry with a calcium imaging system.

Infliximab therapy intensification based on endoscopic activity is related to suppress treatment discontinuation in patients with Crohn disease: A retrospective cohort study.

Administering double doses of infliximab or shortening its dosing interval for patients with Crohn disease who experience a loss of response to treatment is an accepted treatment method; however, the effectiveness and appropriate timing of treatment intensification remain unclear. We examined the treatment outcomes of patients with Crohn disease receiving infliximab therapy intensification.Among 430 patients with Crohn disease who were seen at our related facilities from July 2002 to July 2018, 46 patients (30 men and 16 women) who were followed up for diminished infliximab effects for >1 year after therapy intensification were included in this study.

Point-of-care lung ultrasound imaging in pediatric COVID-19.

Background: There has been limited data regarding the usefulness of lung ultrasound (US) in children with COVID-19.

Objective: To describe lung US imaging findings and aeration score of 34 children with COVID-19.

Methods: This study included 0-16-year-old patients with confirmed COVID-19, who were admitted between April 19 and June 18, 2020 in two hospitals in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Effects of liming on the flavor of kokuto-shochu, a spirit made from non-centrifugal sugar.

Kokuto-shochu is a traditional Japanese spirit prepared from kokuto, a non-centrifugal brown cane sugar. When manufacturing kokuto, lime is added to the sugarcane juice to accelerate the crystallization of sucrose. Although the liming process differs depending on the manufacturer, the effects of liming on the quality of kokuto-shochu are unclear.

Tylosin degradation during manure composting and the effect of the degradation byproducts on the growth of green algae.

In this study, we investigate the tylosin degradation in sheep feces during composting. The sheep feces containing tylosin were composted using the laboratory-scale composting units. Tylosin was degraded during composting, and the half-life of tylosin degradation decreased with increasing temperature from 40 °C to 65 °C.

Infliximab biosimilar CT-P13 is interchangeable with its originator for patients with inflammatory bowel disease in real world practice.

Background/aims: An interim analysis of post-marketing surveillance of CT-P13, an infliximab biosimilar, was performed to evaluate its safety and efficacy in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods: Patients were prospectively enrolled between November 2014 and March 2017, after the launch of CT-P13 in Japan, and case report forms of patients followed for at least 4 months were analyzed as of July 2018.

Results: Of 523 patients in the analysis set, 372 remained on CT-P13 therapy, while 54 (20.

Remission induction, maintenance, and endoscopic outcome with oral 5-aminosalicylic acid in intestinal Behçet's disease.

Background And Aim: Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is recommended for the therapy of mild to moderate intestinal Behçet's disease (BD). However, the induction remission efficacy and endoscopic outcomes of 5-ASA are unknown. We investigated remission induction at 8 weeks, endoscopic outcomes until 52 weeks, and event-free survival at 52 weeks in patients with intestinal BD treated with 5-ASA.

Efficacy and safety of abrilumab, an α4β7 integrin inhibitor, in Japanese patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: a phase II study.

Background/aims: Inhibition of α4β7 integrin has been shown to be effective for induction and maintenance therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated the effects of varying doses of the α4β7 inhibitor abrilumab in Japanese patients with moderate-to-severe UC despite conventional treatments.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled study, 45 UC patients were randomized to abrilumab 21 mg (n=11), 70 mg (n=12), 210 mg (n=9), or placebo (n=13) via subcutaneous (SC) injection for 12 weeks.

Herbal Medicine Ninjin'yoeito in the Treatment of Sarcopenia and Frailty.

Frailty and sarcopenia have recently gained considerable attention in terms of preventive care in Japan, which has an ever-increasing aging population. Sarcopenia is defined as atrophy of skeletal muscles caused by the age-related decrease in growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor and sex hormones. The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare reports that frailty can lead to impairment of both mental and physical functioning.