Unlabelled: subspecies (SDSE) is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that infects humans and is closely related to group A streptococcus (GAS). Compared with GAS, far less is known about SDSE pathobiology. Increased rates of invasive SDSE infections have recently been reported in many countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStreptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. is a bacterial pathogen that is increasingly recognized as a cause of severe human infections. Much less is known about the genomics and infection pathogenesis of S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAll tested strains of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS) remain susceptible to penicillin. However, GAS strains with amino acid substitutions in penicillin-binding proteins that confer decreased susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics have been identified recently. This discovery raises concerns about emergence of beta-lactam antibiotic resistance in GAS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of genetic polymorphisms causing increased antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens traditionally has proceeded from observed phenotype to defined mutant genotype. The availability of large collections of microbial genome sequences that lack antibiotic susceptibility metadata provides an important resource and opportunity to obtain new information about increased antimicrobial resistance by a reverse genotype-to-phenotype bioinformatic and experimental workflow. We analyzed 26,465 genome sequences of Streptococcus pyogenes, a human pathogen causing 700 million infections annually.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the management of cystic fibrosis, treatments against Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae such as amoxicillin or cotrimoxazole have to be prescribed and the antibiotherapy's efficacy may be linked to the concentration that reaches the infected site. As cystic fibrosis patients present disturbed pharmacokinetics parameters, drug monitoring would be relevant to assess the lung distribution of antibiotics and to optimize dosing regimens. In this context, the aim of the study was to develop and validate HPLC-based methods for the determination of both antibiotics in bronchial sputum from cystic fibrosis patients, in order to assess the distribution of the drugs into the lungs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStreptococcus pyogenes or group A Streptococcus (GAS) causes diseases ranging from uncomplicated pharyngitis to life-threatening infections. It has complex epidemiology driven by the diversity, the temporal and geographical fluctuations of the circulating strains. Despite the global burden of GAS diseases, there is currently no available vaccination strategy against GAS infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolyphasic taxonomic analysis was performed on a novel bacterium, designated UR159, isolated in 2016 from human blood of a septic patient hospitalized in France. Preliminary 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain UR159 belonged to the family Flavobacteriaceae, forming a distinct phyletic line distantly related (<94% sequence similarity) to known species of the family. Further phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic analyses were performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe frequency of infections due to M/89 strains is increasing, presumably due to the emergence of a genetically distinct clone. We sequenced two 89 strains isolated in Brittany, France, in 2009 and 2010 from invasive and noninvasive infections, respectively. Both strains belong to a newly emerged 89 clade 3 clone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhile the incidence and invasiveness of type 75 group A (GAS) infections increased in French Brittany during 2013, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of three independent strains isolated in 2009, 2012, and 2014, respectively. In this short-term evolution, genomic analysis evidenced mainly the integration of new phages encoding virulence factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere, we announce the complete annotated genome sequence of the invasive Streptococcus pyogenes strain M/emm66, isolated in 2013 from a subcutaneous abscess in new clustered cases in French Brittany.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report 2 cases of pulmonary Bordetella hinzii infection in immunodeficient patients. One of these rare cases demonstrated the potential transmission of the bacteria from an avian reservoir through occupational exposure and its persistence in humans. We establish bacteriologic management of these infections and suggest therapeutic options if needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report here the complete genome sequence of a noninvasive strain of Streptococcus pyogenes M/emm28, isolated from perianal dermatitis in a child. The genome is composed of 1,950,454 bp, with a G+C content of 38.2%, and it has 1,925 identified coding sequences and harbors two intact prophages and a new integrating conjugative element (ICE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere, we announce the complete annotated genome sequence of a Streptococcus pyogenes M/emm83 strain, STAB1101, isolated from clustered cases in homeless persons in Brittany (France). The genome is composed of 1,709,790 bp, with a G+C content of 38.4% and 1,550 identified coding sequences (CDS), and it harbors a Tn916-like transposon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere we report in a human, a renal transplant patient, the first disseminated infection with Nocardia cerradoensis, isolated after a brain biopsy. Species identification was based on 16S rRNA, gyrB, and hsp65 gene analyses. Antibiotic treatment was successful by combining carbapenems and aminoglycosides and then switching to oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report the complete genome sequence of an invasive isolate of Streptococcus pyogenes M/emm44, belonging to a clonal outbreak that occurred in French Brittany. The genome is composed of 1,795,608 bp, with a GC content of 38.5%, has 1,358 identified coding sequences (CDSs), and harbors a novel Tn916-like transposon (Tn6253).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report a closed genome sequence of group A Streptococcus genotype emm3 (GAS M/emm3) strain STAB902, isolated from a superficial pyodermatitis. The genome is composed of 1,892,124 bp, 6 integrated prophages, and has 1,858 identified coding sequences (CDSs). It has been fitted with the two available invasive GAS M/emm3 strains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Primary immunoglobulin deficiencies lead to recurrent bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and bronchiectasis, even with adequate immunoglobulin replacement therapy. It is not known whether patients able to secrete IgM (eg, those with hyper-IgM [HIgM] syndrome) are as susceptible to these infections as patients who lack IgM production (eg, those with panhypogammaglobulinemia [PHG]).
Objective: This study is aimed at identifying specific microbiological and clinical (infections) characteristics that distinguish immunoglobulin-substituted patients with PHG from patients with HIgM syndrome.
We report a case of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt infection in a 3-year-old boy caused by the food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, subsequent to acute peritonitis. This unusual presentation of central nervous system (CNS) listeriosis underlines the ability of the bacteria to form and survive within biofilms on indwelling medical devices. Bacterial persistence may lead to treatment failure and spreading.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFListeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen that can invade the central nervous system (CNS), causing meningoencephalitis and brain abscesses. The diagnosis of CNS listeriosis, based on the isolation of the bacteria in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), can be difficult because of previous antibiotic treatment and a low number of bacteria in the CSF. To improve the sensitivity of microbiological diagnosis, we have developed a real-time PCR assay for detecting and quantifying L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is generally regarded as an important animal pathogen that rarely infects humans. Clinical strains are occasionally recovered from human cases of lymphadenitis, such as C. pseudotuberculosis FRC41 that was isolated from the inguinal lymph node of a 12-year-old girl with necrotizing lymphadenitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited disease of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase system that causes defective production of toxic oxygen metabolites, impaired bacterial and fungal killing, and recurrent life-threatening infections, mostly by catalase-producing organisms. We report for the first time, to our knowledge, chronic infections with Actinomyces species in 10 patients with CGD. Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous condition that commonly manifests as cervicofacial, pulmonary, or abdominal disease, caused by slowly progressive infection with oral and gastrointestinal commensal Actinomyces species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe cellular immune response to tissue damage and infection requires the recruitment of blood leukocytes. This process is mediated through a classical multistep mechanism, which involves transient rolling on the endothelium and recognition of inflammation followed by extravasation. We have shown, by direct examination of blood monocyte functions in vivo, that a subset of monocytes patrols healthy tissues through long-range crawling on the resting endothelium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To compare cefoxitin and/or moxalactam 30 microg disc diffusion (DD) methods to detect methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) using both high- and low-density (HD/LD) inoculum techniques.
Methods: A challenge set of 192 CoNS was tested. DD test results were compared with PBP2a detection.
The facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes induces severe fetal infection during pregnancy. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms allowing the maternofetal transmission of bacteria. In this work, we studied fetoplacental invasion by infecting mice with various mutants lacking virulence factors involved in the intracellular life cycle of L.
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