Clinicopathological Characteristics of Thyroid Cancer: A 10-Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia.

Background Thyroid nodules are typically an initial sign of thyroid cancer (TC) and require evaluation by thyroid ultrasonography. Additional measures, such as fine needle aspiration, may be necessary depending on the level of malignancy risk. This study aims to comprehensively analyze TC clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics in a cohort of Saudi patients.

Oncogenic Osteomalacia as the Initial Presentation of Pleural Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: A Case Report.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare form of vascular neoplasm that can manifest with various symptoms or be discovered incidentally in asymptomatic patients. In this report, we describe a case of a 56-year-old male who presented with progressive lower limb weakness over four years. The evaluation revealed severe hypophosphatemia, an inappropriately normal fibroblast growth factor 23 C-terminal (cFGF-23) level, and a 30 x 20 mm hypermetabolic right pleural mass, which was subsequently proven to be EHE.

The Use of Telemedicine in the Preoperative Care of Pheochromocytoma: A Systematic Review.

Pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a neuroendocrine tumor that may present with headaches, palpitations, and hypertension, and if left unresected, it can lead to serious complications and fatal cardiac mortality. Adequate preoperative management can decrease the risk of intraoperative complications. In this systematic review, we address and discuss what has been published in the literature about the optimization of pheochromocytoma preoperative care via various types of telemedicine (TM).

Management of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Several important landmark trials have reshaped the landscape of non-surgical management of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors over the last few years, with the confirmation of the antitumor effect of somatostatin analogue therapy in PROMID and CLARINET trials as well as the advent of therapies with significant potential such as mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTor) everolimus (RADIANT trials) and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 177-Lutetium (NETTER-1 trial). This narrative summarizes the recommended management strategies of small bowel neuroendocrine tumors. We review the main evidence behind each recommendation as well as compare and contrast four major guidelines, namely the 2016 Canadian Consensus guidelines, the 2017 North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society guidelines, the 2018 National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, and the 2016 European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society guidelines.

Treatment Options for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

The management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) involves classification into non-functional or functional PanNET, and as localized or metastatic PanNET. In addition, while most PanNETs are sporadic, these endocrine neoplasms can also be manifestations of genetic syndromes. All these factors may assist in forming a risk stratification system permitting a tailored management approach.

Biallelic p.R2223H mutation in the thyroglobulin gene causes thyroglobulin retention and severe hypothyroidism with subsequent development of thyroid carcinoma.

Context: Dyshormonogenesis due to genetic defect in thyroglobulin (Tg) synthesis and secretion can lead to congenital hypothyroidism.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the TG gene for the presence of mutations and to study the underlying mechanisms leading to dyshormonogenesis.

Cases: Two siblings aged 25 and 31 yr presented with recurrent goitrous hypothyroidism with undetectable serum Tg.