Physical Therapy for Knee Pain Relief Induces Changes in Gut Microbiome Composition: A Secondary Analysis of Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Aerobic exercise alters gut microbiome composition, yet the impact of gentle physiotherapy on gut microbiome and its relation to muscle strengthening and physical function remains unexplored.

Hypothesis: Physiotherapy exercises modulate gut microbiome composition and changes in gut microbes are linked to improvements in muscle strength or function.

Study Design: Secondary data analysis of samples from a randomized controlled trial.

Reproducible microbiome composition signatures of anxiety and depressive symptoms.

The gut microbiome is a significant contributor to mental health, with growing evidence linking its composition to anxiety and depressive disorders. Gut microbiome composition is associated with signs of anxiety and depression both in clinically diagnosed mood disorders and subclinically in the general population and may be influenced by dietary fibre intake and the presence of chronic pain. We provide an update of current evidence on the role of gut microbiome composition in depressive and anxiety disorders or symptoms by reviewing available studies.

Serum Metabolome Analysis Identified Amino-Acid Metabolism Associated With Pain in People With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis - A Cross-Sectional Study.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common arthritis affecting synovial joints such as knees and hips of millions of people globally. Usage-related joint pain and reduced function are the most common symptoms experienced by people with OA. To improve pain management, there is a need to identify validated biomarkers predicting therapeutic responses in targeted clinical trials.

Serum Levels of Proinflammatory Lipid Mediators and Specialized Proresolving Molecules Are Increased in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Correlate With Markers of the Adaptive Immune Response.

Background: Specialized proresolution molecules (SPMs) halt the transition to chronic pathogenic inflammation. We aimed to quantify serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients, and to identify potential relationships with innate responses and clinical outcome.

Methods: Serum from 50 hospital admitted inpatients (22 female, 28 male) with confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and 94 age- and sex-matched controls collected prior to the pandemic (SARS-CoV-2 negative), were processed for quantification of bioactive lipids and anti-nucleocapsid and anti-spike quantitative binding assays.

The anti-inflammatory effect of bacterial short chain fatty acids is partially mediated by endocannabinoids.

The endocannabinoid (EC) system has pleiotropic functions in the body. It plays a key role in energy homeostasis and the development of metabolic disorders being a mediator in the relationship between the gut microbiota and host metabolism. In the current study we explore the functional interactions between the endocannabinoid system and the gut microbiome in modulating inflammatory markers.

Clinical and Preclinical Evidence for Roles of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase in Osteoarthritis Knee Pain.

Objective: Chronic pain due to osteoarthritis (OA) is a major clinical problem, and existing analgesics often have limited beneficial effects and/or adverse effects, necessitating the development of novel therapies. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are endogenous antiinflammatory mediators, rapidly metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (EH) to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs). We undertook this study to assess whether soluble EH-driven metabolism of EETs to DHETs plays a critical role in chronic joint pain associated with OA and provides a new target for treatment.

Prevalence of ultrasound-detected knee synovial abnormalities in a middle-aged and older general population-the Xiangya Osteoarthritis Study.

Background: There is paucity of data on the prevalence of ultrasound-detected synovial abnormalities in the general population, and the relationship between synovial changes and knee pain remains unclear. We examined the prevalence of synovial abnormalities on ultrasound and the relationship of these features with knee pain and radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) in a community sample.

Methods: Participants aged 50 years or over were from the Xiangya Osteoarthritis Study, a community-based cohort study.

Effectiveness of Internet-Based Exercises Aimed at Treating Knee Osteoarthritis: The iBEAT-OA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Osteoarthritis is a prevalent, debilitating, and costly chronic disease for which recommended first-line treatment is underused.

Objective: To compare the effect of an internet-based treatment for knee osteoarthritis vs routine self-management (ie, usual care).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from October 2018 to March 2020.

Evaluating the efficacy of Internet-Based Exercise programme Aimed at Treating knee Osteoarthritis (iBEAT-OA) in the community: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide. As of today, there are no disease-modifying drugs, but there is evidence that muscle strengthening exercises can substantially reduce pain and improve function in this disorder, and one very well tested physiotherapy protocol is the 'Better Management of Patients with Osteoarthritis' developed in Sweden. Given the high prevalence of knee OA, a potentially cost-effective, digitally delivered approach to treat knee OA should be trialled.