Plasma concentrations of monoethylglycinexylidide during and after breast augmentation.

MEGX (monoethylglycinexylidide) is the main metabolite of lidocaine and is 83 percent as potent as an antiarrhythmic drug and with the same toxicity as lidocaine. In this study, plasma levels of MEGX were measured in 10 other wise healthy women during and after breast augmentation. A total dose of 825 to 1,280 mg of lidocaine of 0.

Absorption of effervescent paracetamol tablets relative to ordinary paracetamol tablets in healthy volunteers.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the rate of absorption between ordinary paracetamol tablets and effervescent paracetamol tablets.

Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers participated in an open randomised crossover study and were given a 1000-mg dose of either ordinary paracetamol tablets (2 x 500 mg Panodil tablets, SmithKline Beecham) or effervescent paracetamol tablets (2 x 500 mg Pinex Brusetablett, Alpharma AS) with a 3-week washout period in between. Blood samples were collected for 3 h.

Plasma concentrations of lidocaine and alpha1-acid glycoprotein during and after breast augmentation.

Plasma levels of lidocaine and the main binding proteins of lidocaine in plasma alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) and albumin were measured in 10 otherwise healthy women during and after breast augmentation. A total dose of 825 to 1280 mg of 0.2% and 0.

[Magnetic tomography in diagnosis of breast implant rupture].

At least 20,000 Norwegian women have silicone breast implants, either for breast augmentation or for reconstruction. One of the complications associated with breast implants is rupture of the implants. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to be the most accurate imaging modality for evaluating the integrity of breast implants.

Acute erosions of the gastric mucosa in burned rats: effect of sucralfate.

The effect of intragastric sucralfate on development of gastric erosions in burns was studied in 20 rats anaesthetised with midazolam/fentanyl/fluanisone. Gastric blood flow was measured by radioactive microspheres immediately before, and 20, 40, and 120 minutes after the rats had been burned. Significantly fewer erosions were found in the 10 rats treated with sucralfate (less than 2% of the gastric mucosal surface was affected) compared with the controls (16% of the mucosa affected).

Modest release of adipsin/factor D by liposuction when using the superwet or tumescent technique.

Human adipsin is recognized to be identical to factor D, which plays an important role in activation of the alternative complement pathway. Since adipsin/factor D is present in high amounts in adipose tissue, liposuction theoretically could result in an increased release of this serine protease into the bloodstream. In the present study, adipsin/factor D was measured in 22 patients undergoing syringe-assisted liposuction using the superwet or tumescent technique.

A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a single dose of azithromycin on postoperative wound infections in plastic surgery.

Over a 9-month period from September of 1991 to May of 1992, 339 patients were included in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study using azithromycin as the prophylactic agent to determine whether it effects a clinically meaningful reduction in postoperative surgical infections in plastic surgery. Azithromycin was given as prophylaxis in 171 patients and placebo in 168 patients. The study medication was a single oral dose taken at 8 P.

A prospective, randomized surveillance study of postoperative wound infections after plastic surgery: a study of incidence and surveillance methods.

In a postoperative wound infection study in plastic surgery, 315 patients were randomized to either outpatient wound control after 30 days (group I) or self-control by questionnaire (group II). We present a new definition of wound infection based on physiologic wound healing. The surveillance of postoperative wound infection showed follow-up rates of 95 and 68 percent and infection rates of 16.

Effect of syringe-assisted liposuction on activation of cascade systems and circulating cells when using the superwet or tumescent technique.

Although liposuction is considered to be a relatively safe procedure, several deaths and nonfatal serious complications such as sepsis, toxic shock syndrome, thromboembolic disease, fat emboli, and adult respiratory distress syndrome have been reported. In the present study, we have investigated a wide variety of components belonging to the coagulation, fibrinolytic, plasma kallikrein-kinin, and complement systems in 22 patients undergoing syringe-assisted liposuction using the superwet or tumescent technique. In spite of a relatively high mean aspirate volume (2,648 ml), only small changes over time well within the normal range were found for the different parameters.

Blood loss during suction-assisted lipectomy with large volumes of dilute adrenaline.

The amount of blood lost during liposuction with the "dry" or classic "wet" techniques has been a cause for concern. In the present study 26 consecutive patients who underwent syringe-assisted liposuction with the "superwet" or "tumescent" technique had their blood loss recorded prospectively. The mean (SD) volume aspirated was 2448 (1368) ml and the mean (SD) drop in haemoglobin concentration was 11 (7) g/l.

Troublesome colostomies and urinary stomas treated with suction-assisted lipectomy.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of liposuction as treatment in troublesome colostomies and urinary stomas in selected patients.

Design: Open clinical study.

Setting: University hospital, Norway.

Effect of large-volume liposuction on sex hormones and glucose- and lipid metabolism in females.

Nine consecutive patients who underwent syringe-assisted liposuction with a mean aspirate volume of 3633 mL (range: 1800-5500) had their lipids, lipoproteins, and sex hormones measured pre- and postoperatively. Seven of the patients also underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with measurements of insulin and C-peptide. The major finding was a significant increase in HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1, while there was no significant change in sex hormones or glucose levels 9-12 months after the liposuction procedure.

Syringe-assisted microliposuction for cervical rejuvenation. A five year experience.

During a five year period, 71 patients (age range 24-72 years) underwent syringe-assisted liposuction of the neck as the only operation for facial rejuvenation. The patients were seen after one week and three months, and 66 patients were re-examined 5-58 months (mean 31) postoperatively. There were no complications except for slight skin laxity (n = 10), transient hypoaesthesia, and temporary subcutaneous scarring (nodules).

Surgical treatment of gynaecomastia. Five years' experience with liposuction.

Since liposuction became part of our surgical regimen in 1988, we have operated on 67 patients for gynaecomastia during the five year period 1988-1992. Sixty two of the patients were seen at an extra follow up 4-59 months (means 29 months) postoperatively. Compared to studies that did not include liposuction as part of the operation, we found a lower incidence of postoperative complications and a higher degree of patient satisfaction.

Plasma lidocaine levels during suction-assisted lipectomy using large doses of dilute lidocaine with epinephrine.

Liposuction, like many other plastic surgical procedures, is often performed under local anesthesia. Drug toxicity is the most serious complication and the factor that limits the use of this form of anesthesia. Toxic effects are related to the peak concentration in plasma and depend on the type of local anesthetic, the drug concentration, total dose, site of injection, injection speed, and whether vasoconstrictors are used or not.

Alkalisation of lignocaine-adrenaline reduces the amount of pain during subcutaneous injection of local anaesthetic.

A double blind, randomised controlled trial was performed to compare the amount of pain experienced after subcutaneous infiltration of lignocaine with adrenaline, and the same anaesthetic buffered to pH 7.1-7.3, in patients undergoing liposuction (n = 8), blepharoplasty (n = 7), mammaplasty (n = 6), and in volunteers (n = 10).

Blood loss during liposuction using the tumescent technique.

Blood loss during liposuction has been a concern when more than 1500 mL of material are removed during one session. Several authors have claimed that blood loss is dramatically reduced when the targeted area is infiltrated with large amounts of dilute lidocaine with epinephrine ("tumescent" or "superwet" technique). Using this technique, 25 consecutive cases in which the liposuction aspirate was expected to be 1000 mL or more were investigated with pre- and postoperative measurements of hemoglobin.

Diabetic lipohypertrophy treated with suction-assisted lipectomy.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of liposuction as treatment for lipohypertrophy in insulin-treated diabetic patients.

Design: Open clinical study.

Setting: Norwegian National Hospital, Oslo.

Effect of preoperative inflammation of the wound bed on survival of skin flaps in rats.

Pedicled dorsal flaps were raised and resutured on the backs of 20 rats. Aseptic inflammation of the bed of the wound flap was induced one week before the operation in 10 rats by scratching with a needle; the other 10 acted as controls. A week after the operation the extent of necrosis was estimated by computer assisted planimetry.

Sexual function after transurethral prostatectomy.

The potency of 98 men who underwent transurethral resection for benign prostatic enlargement was assessed before and after operation in a prospective study. Preoperatively, 38 could not maintain their erections long enough to achieve coitus. Three months after operation a decrease in erectile ability had been experienced by three of the remaining 60 patients, while two reported an improvement.

[Are silicone breast prostheses dangerous?].

Since 1964 silicone breast prostheses have been implanted in 5 million women for breast reconstruction after cancer operations, to correct congenital deformities and for cosmetic reasons. There is no evidence in the literature of a correlation between silicone implants and breast cancer. Some authors claim that silicone implants reduce the reliability of mammography.