Fluorination Enables Simultaneous Improvements of a Dialkoxybenzene-Based Redoxmer for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries.

Redoxmers or redox-active organic materials, are one critical component for nonaqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs), which hold high promise in enabling the time domain of the grid. While tuning redox potentials of redoxmers is a very effective way to enhance energy densities of NRFBs, those improvements often accompany accelerated kinetics of the charged species, undermining stability and cycling performance. Herein, a strategy for designing redoxmers with simultaneous improvements in redox potential and stability is proposed.

Niclosamide's potential direct targets in ovarian cancer†.

Recent evidence indicates that niclosamide is an anti-cancer compound that is able to inhibit several signaling pathways. Although niclosamide has previously been identified by high-throughput screening platforms as a potential effective compound against several cancer types, no direct binding interactions with distinct biological molecule(s) has been established. The present study identifies key signal transduction mechanisms altered by niclosamide in ovarian cancer.

Self-Assembled Solute Networks in Crowded Electrolyte Solutions and Nanoconfinement of Charged Redoxmer Molecules.

Redoxmers are electrochemically active organic molecules storing charge and energy in electrolyte fluids circulating through redox flow batteries (RFBs). Such molecules typically have solvent-repelling cores and solvent-attracting pendant groups introduced to increase solubility in liquid electrolytes. These two features can facilitate nanoscale aggregation of the redoxmer molecules in crowded solutions.

Cyclopentannulation and cyclodehydrogenation of isomerically pure 5,11-dibromo-anthradithiophenes leading to contorted aromatics.

Isomerically pure 5,11-dibromo-2,8-dihexylanthra[2,3-b:76-b']dithiophene, a brominated analog of anthracenedithiophene (ADT), was prepared and utilized for a palladium catalyzed cyclopentannulation reaction with 3,3'-dimethoxy-phenylacetylene to give cyclopentannulated ADT (CP-ADTs). A further Scholl cyclodehydrogenation reaction gave contorted aromatics with large splay angles, low optical gaps, and low LUMOs.

Conjugated Ladder Polymers by a Cyclopentannulation Polymerization.

We report a nontraditional synthesis of cyclopentafused-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon embedded ladder polymers using a palladium catalyzed cyclopentannulation polymerization followed by a cyclodehydrogenation reaction. Donor-acceptor type polymers containing a cyclopenta[hi]aceanthrylene acceptor groups can be synthesized by a palladium catalyzed copolymerization between 9,10-dibromoanthracene and a variety of bis(arylethynyl)arenes to give polymers with molecular weights (Mn) of 9-22 kDa. The bis(arylethynyl)arenes were composed of benzene, thiophene, or thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moieties, which provided access to a series of four donor-acceptor copolymers.

Stabilizing Pentacene By Cyclopentannulation.

A new class of stabilized pentacene derivatives with externally fused five-membered rings are prepared by means of a key palladium-catalyzed cyclopentannulation step. The target compounds are synthesized by chemical manipulation of a partially saturated 6,13-dibromopentacene precursor that can be fully aromatized in a final step through a DDQ-mediated dehydrogenation reaction (DDQ=2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone). The new 1,2,8,9-tetraaryldicyclopenta[fg,qr]pentacene derivatives have narrow energy gaps of circa 1.