Predictors of Third-Party Tested Nutritional Supplementation Use Among DI and DIII Student-Athletes at A Northeast University.

Nutritional supplements (NS) are linked to adverse events and unintentional doping among college-athletes. The use of third-party tested (TPT) NS can increase safety and reduce the risk of inadvertent consumption of banned substances. The purpose of this study was to examine self-reported use of TPT supplements between the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (DI) and Division III (DIII) college-athletes and explore the potential predictors of TPT use.

Potential Determinants of Subjective Global Assessment Among Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis.

Objective: The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) is a validated tool for identifying nutritional status in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), but it is not without limitations. Current research identifies additional clinical characteristics such as phase angle (PhA) associated with SGA. This study aimed to assess the overall correlation between PhA and SGA; associations between PhA and SGA by body mass index, and to identify clinical characteristics associated with SGA.

Knowledge and clinical practice of ASPEN registered dietitian nutritionist members regarding blenderized tube feedings.

Background: Blenderized tube feedings (BTFs) are used by patients/caregivers who report improvements in gastrointestinal tolerance compared with standard commercial feedings. Despite positive outcomes, registered dietitian nutritionists or international equivalents (RDN/Is) hesitate to recommend BTFs. We aimed to determine if an association exists between dietitian characteristics and willingness to recommend BTFs.

Dentition and weight status in community-dwelling older adults.

Background/objective: Tooth loss is common among older adults and can affect dietary intake and weight status. This study investigated associations between dentition status and body mass index (BMI) in older adults.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of data from a convenience sample of older adults (65-89 years) treated at an urban U.

Treatment of refractory shock with vitamin B : A narrative review.

High-dose vitamin B is a potential treatment for patients with vasodilatory shock that is refractory to other therapies. Vasodilatory shock is characterized by low blood pressure and low systemic vascular resistance. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, two potential targets of high-dose vitamin B given as hydroxocobalamin, facilitate this syndrome.

Exploration of plasma adiponectin, leptin, and genotype on blood pressure among women who are post-menopause.

Research suggests that adiponectin, leptin, and genetic polymorphisms such as catechol--methyltransferase () genotype may play an integral role in blood pressure status and thereby cardiovascular health. This is an area especially important for women who are post-menopause; however, the current literature investigating these associations is limited. This study was a cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data ( 237) from the Minnesota Green Tea Trial (MGTT).

Green tea extract supplementation does not modify plasma concentration of F-isoprostanes in women who are postmenopause: Findings from a randomized controlled trial.

Green tea extract (GTE) is a potential mitigator of oxidative stress, and F-isoprostanes are a reliable biomarker of oxidative stress. Genetic polymorphisms in the catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) gene may modify tea catechin metabolism, prolonging exposure. We hypothesized that GTE supplementation would decrease plasma F-isoprostanes concentrations compared with placebo and that participants with the COMT genotype polymorphisms would experience a more significant expression of this outcome.

Small-bore feeding tubes placed with an electromagnetic imaging device leads to cost avoidance and decreased time to initiation of enteral nutrition.

Background: The Cortrak Enteral Access System (CEAS) was previously approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be used in lieu of radiographic confirmation imaging for feeding tubes placed by trained clinicians. Following an institutional protocol change in 2016, our registered dietitians had the option to forgo radiographic confirmation imaging for tubes placed using the CEAS. Our research aimed to determine the difference in the number of radiographic confirmation images for feeding tubes placed using the CEAS between preprotocol and postprotocol environments and the associated cost avoidance after the institutional policy change.

Screening for diabetes risk using the diabetes risk test and point-of-care hemoglobin A1C values in adults seen in a dental clinic.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of screening for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and the prevalence of adult patients seen in a dental clinic at risk for T2DM based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) diabetes risk test (DRT) scores and point of care hemoglobin A1C (A1C) values.

Method And Materials: This was a cross-sectional analysis of data from adults 18 to 89 years old seen in an academic dental clinic between November 2019 and April 2022 without prior history of diabetes. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from electronic health records and odontograms.

Nutritional Supplement Use and Athletic Characteristics among a Sample of NCAA Division I and Division III Student-Athletes.

Due to documented adverse events, understanding the prevalence of nutritional supplements commonly used by athletes is essential. This cross-sectional study used data from a web-based survey conducted in February-March 2022. Participants were Division I (DI) and Division III (DIII) student-athletes of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

Hepatotoxicity with High-Dose Green Tea Extract: Effect of Genotypes.

The predominant catechin in green tea, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), may be hepatotoxic in high doses. Our objective was to investigate the influence of () and () genotypes on changes in liver injury biomarkers in response to long-term, high-dose green tea extract (GTE) supplementation among postmenopausal women. A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Minnesota Green Tea Trial ( = 1,075), in which participants were randomized to consume high-dose GTE (843 mg/day EGCG) or placebo capsules for 12 months.

Associations between Dentition Status and Nutritional Status in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background/objective: Older adults are at higher risk of malnutrition. The aim of this study was to explore associations between nutritional status and dentition status among older adults seeking care in a dental clinic.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of data from older adults (65-89 y) who received care at a northeastern US urban dental school clinic between June 2015 and June 2020 ( = 305).

The Perceived Value of the Board-Certified Specialist in Renal Nutrition Credential Among Registered Dietitian Nutritionists Who Hold the Credential.

Objective: Health care professionals who hold a specialist certification typically have a high perceived value of their credential. However, the perceived value of the board-certified specialist in renal nutrition (CSR) credential has not been studied. This study evaluated the perceived value of the CSR credential among registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) using the Perceived Value of Certification Tool (PVCT©) and explored differences in perceived values among those who did and did not receive reimbursement for taking the credentialing examination.

Prophylactic supplementation of phosphate, magnesium, and potassium for the prevention of refeeding syndrome in hospitalized individuals with anorexia nervosa.

Medical stabilization, nutrition rehabilitation, and weight restoration, while minimizing risk for the potentially fatal complication of refeeding syndrome, are the primary goals for the treatment of hospitalized individuals with anorexia nervosa and other restrictive-type eating disorders. The purpose of this review was to examine the literature exploring the prophylactic supplementation of phosphate, magnesium, and potassium, in addition to routine thiamin and multivitamin supplementation, for the prevention of refeeding syndrome in adolescents and adults with anorexia nervosa. Through evaluation of outcomes (including serum electrolyte levels and clinical signs and symptoms such as respiratory failure, cardiac failure, peripheral edema, rhabdomyolysis, and encephalopathy), three studies found that prophylactic supplementation of potassium, magnesium, and/or phosphate were effective in preventing refeeding syndrome or refeeding hypophosphatemia (a characteristic of refeeding syndrome).

Associations between Polymorphisms in Phase II Enzymes and Circulating Sex-Steroid Hormones in White Postmenopausal Women.

Objectives: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in enzymes that metabolize sex steroid hormones were associated with the blood levels of these hormones in postmenopausal women and if the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) could modify this association.

Methods: Baseline data were collected from 932 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Minnesota Green Tea Trial. Participants filled out a questionnaire about their demographics, lifestyle factors, and medical and reproductive history.

Adverse perioperative outcomes among patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery: Quantifying attributable risk from malnutrition.

Background: Preoperative malnutrition adversely impacts perioperative outcomes among patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. The attributable risk (AR) that nutrition status contributes towards negative outcomes is poorly understood.

Methods: Adults undergoing GI cancer surgeries were identified within the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2005-2017).

Leukocyte telomere length, cancer incidence and all-cause mortality among Chinese adults: Singapore Chinese Health Study.

Telomeres play a key role in chromosomal maintenance and stability. To date, few studies have investigated the association of leukocyte telomere length with risk of cancer incidence and all-cause mortality in a large prospective cohort, particularly of the Asian population. Relative telomere lengths in genomic DNA from peripheral blood samples were quantified using a validated quantitative real-time PCR among 26 540 middle-aged or older Chinese adults.

Association between prediagnostic leukocyte telomere length and breast cancer risk: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.

Background: Telomeres and telomerase play key roles in the chromosomal maintenance and stability. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that longer telomeres are associated with increased risk of several cancer types. However, epidemiological data for telomere length and risk of breast cancer are sparse.

Green Tea Catechin Extract Supplementation Does Not Influence Circulating Sex Hormones and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis Proteins in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Postmenopausal Women at High Risk of Breast Cancer.

Background: Consumption of green tea has been associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. Hormonal modulation has been suggested as one of the potential underlying mechanisms; however, it has yet to be fully elucidated in large, long-term human clinical trials.

Objective: We investigated the effects of decaffeinated green tea extract (GTE) on circulating sex hormones and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) proteins.

Comparison of Bolton ratio in normal occlusion and different malocclusion groups in Iranian population.

Objectives: Bolton ratio is used as a method for diagnosis of tooth size discrepancy. Tooth size discrepancy has an important role in the stability of results of final orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to determine and compare Bolton ratio in normal occlusion and different malocclusion groups of Iranian population.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Green Tea Extract Supplementation and Mammographic Density in Postmenopausal Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer.

Epidemiologic and animal studies suggest a protective role of green tea against breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanism is not understood. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial to investigate whether supplementation with green tea extract (GTE) modifies mammographic density (MD), as a potential mechanism, involving 1,075 healthy postmenopausal women.

Effect of Green Tea Supplements on Liver Enzyme Elevation: Results from a Randomized Intervention Study in the United States.

Liver injury effects of green tea-based products have been reported in sporadic case reports. However, no study has examined systematically such adverse effects in an unbiased manner. We examined the potential effects of a high, sustained oral dose of green tea extract (GTE) on liver injury measures in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded phase II clinical trial, which enrolled 1,075 women with the original aim to assess the effect of daily GTE consumption for 12 months on biomarkers of breast cancer risk.

Plasma F-isoprostanes Are Positively Associated with Glycemic Load, but Inversely Associated with Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Insoluble Fiber in Postmenopausal Women.

Dietary factors, such as antioxidant nutrients, contribute significantly to the maintenance of an appropriate balance between antioxidant defense and free radical production in the body. The objective of this study was to examine the relation between oxidative stress as assessed by plasma F-isoprostane (IsoP) concentration, glycemic load (GL), glycemic index (GI), intake of antioxidant nutrients, dietary fiber, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). This study was a cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data collected from a random sample of 269 postmenopausal women participating in the Minnesota Green Tea Trial.

Effects of green tea catechin extract on serum lipids in postmenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Green tea has been suggested to improve cardiovascular disease risk factors, including circulating lipid variables. However, current evidence is predominantly based on small, short-term randomized controlled trials conducted in diverse populations.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy and impact of green tea extract (GTE) supplementation high in epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on blood lipids in healthy postmenopausal women.

Green Tea Extract and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genotype Modify Fasting Serum Insulin and Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women.

Background: Green tea consumption has been associated with favorable changes in body weight and obesity-related hormones, although it is not known whether these changes result from green tea polyphenols or caffeine.

Objective: We examined the impact of decaffeinated green tea extract (GTE) containing 843 mg of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on anthropometric variables, obesity-associated hormones, and glucose homeostasis.

Methods: The Minnesota Green Tea Trial was a 12-mo randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 937 healthy postmenopausal women assigned to either decaffeinated GTE (1315 mg total catechins/d) or a placebo, stratified by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype.