Comparison of Computerized and Standard Cognitive Test in Thai Memory Clinic.

Background: Computer-based Thai Cognitive Test or Computer-based Thai Mental State Examination (cTMSE) was developed aiming to help doctors to easily get the accurate results of TMSE in a routine, busy outpatient clinics. The purpose of this study was to compare the evaluation process in terms of feasibility, duration of the test, participants/administrator preference, and the results of cognitive test between cTMSE and the standard Thai Mental State Examination (sTMSE).

Methods: Twenty-two elderly participants (>60 years old) who were not demented and 22 patients with mild-to-moderate dementia were included in the study.

The Changes in Mean Platelet Volume after Using of Antiplatelet Drugs in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To measure the changes of mean platelet volume (MPV) after using four antiplatelet drugs in acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke patients and assess the association of antiplatelets and MPV and stroke outcome.

Material And Method: Ischemic stroke survivors with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 8 were randomly allocated intofour groups, receiving aspirin, clopidogrel, combined aspirin and dipyridamole, and cilostazol. The change of MPV NIHSS, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were recorded at baseline and week 4 in all studied groups.

Excessive daytime sleepiness and obstructive sleep apnea in Thai epileptic patients.

Background: Sleepiness is a common complaint in epilepsy. Also obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly detected and would affect the epilepsy prognosis. We aimed to determine the frequency and predictors of sleepiness and OSA in epileptic patients.

Non-motor symptoms in Thai patients with Parkinson's disease studied at Phramongkutklao Hospital.

Background: Non-motor symptoms (NMS) ofParkinson's disease (PD) have been recently recognized to be as disabling as motor symptoms in PD. However these symptoms are still under recognized causing delay in treatment and inadequate management. This study aimed to identify NMS in Thai PD patients using the NMS screening questionnaire (NMSQuest).

Factors predicting high estimated 10-year stroke risk: thai epidemiologic stroke study.

Background: The purpose of the study was to determine the factors predicting high estimated 10-year stroke risk based on a risk score, and among the risk factors comprising the risk score, which factors had a greater impact on the estimated risk.

Methods: Thai Epidemiologic Stroke study was a community-based cohort study, which recruited participants from the general population from 5 regions of Thailand. Cross-sectional baseline data of 16,611 participants aged 45-69 years who had no history of stroke were included in this analysis.

Blood pressure control among stroke patients in Thailand--the i-STROKE study.

Background: Direct correlation between stroke mortality and hypertension calls for a tight blood pressure (BP) control. Our study determined the prevalence of the BP control and evaluated current clinical practices on hypertension management in stroke patients in Thailand.

Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study was carried out between February 2010 and January 2011 and enrolled stroke patients aged 45 years or older with ictus incidence 12,030 days before the enrollment.

Quality of acute ischemic stroke care in Thailand: a prospective multicenter countrywide cohort study.

Background: Data concerning quality of acute stroke care and outcome are scarce in developing countries.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate quality of acute stroke care and stroke outcomes in Thailand.

Methods: We performed a multicenter countrywide prospective cohort study.

Development of normative neuropsychological performance in Thailand for the assessment of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.

International studies of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) are needed to determine the viral and host factors associated with cognitive impairment particularly as more than 80% of HIV+ subjects reside in resource-limited settings. Recent diagnostic nomenclature of HAND requires comparison of cognitive performance specifically to local normative data. To evaluate this need for local norms, we compared normative data obtained locally in Thailand to Western norms.

Risk of metabolic syndrome for stroke is not greater than the sum of its components: Thai Epidemiologic Stroke (TES) study.

Limited information is available on the association between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and stroke. Whether or not MetS confers a risk greater than the sum of its components is controversial. This study aimed to assess the association of MetS with stroke, and to evaluate whether the risk of MetS is greater than the sum of its components.

Factors related to community participation by stroke victims six month post-stroke.

Participation in the community socially by stroke victims is an optimal outcome post-stroke. We carried out a cohort study to evaluate a model for community participation by Thai stroke victims 6 months post-stroke. Six standardized instruments were used to assess the patient's status 1, 3 and 6 months after stroke.

Prevalence of stroke and stroke risk factors in Thailand: Thai Epidemiologic Stroke (TES) Study.

Objective: To assess stroke prevalence and stroke risk factors in Thailand.

Material And Method: Thai Epidemiologic Stroke (TES) Study is an ongoing, community based cohort study that has been conducted in five geographic regions of Thailand. Baseline health status survey was started in 2004 and enrollment continued until the end of 2006.

Orthostatic hypotension: a non-motor complication assessment in 82 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease in Phramongkutklao Hospital.

Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the neurogenic etiologies of orthostatic hypotension, a non-motor symptoms complex, that tends to be under-recognized and under-treated leading to a major cause of disability for PD patients. This complication is associated with one or recurrent falls causing mortality and morbidity. To the authors' knowledge, there is no study about this condition in Thai PD population.

Prevalence of poststroke depression in Thai stroke survivors studied in Phramongkutklao Hospital.

Objective: To study prevalence of depression in poststroke survivors in Phramongkutklao Hospital and factors associated with depression.

Material And Method: From 150 stroke survivors, therefor 101 patients who met inclusion criteria. These subjects were screened with Thai Geriatric Depressive Scale (TGDS) and interviewed.

The association between risk factors for ischemic stroke and microalbuminuria.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the risk factors for ischemic stroke and microalbuminuria.

Material And Method: We enrolled 173 patients older than 25 years who had at least two risk factors for stroke. The patients were assessed by questionnaire, blood pressure, microalbuminuria, height and weight measurement.

Prevalence of aspirin resistance in stroke patients in Phramongkutklao Hospital.

Objective: To study the prevalence of aspirin resistance in cerebrovascular disease patients in Phramongutklao hospital.

Material And Method: The acute ischemic and stable stroke patients who received aspirin at least 60 mg, at least 7 days and the last dose of aspirin at least 24 hours before blood test for platelet aggregation. ADP and Collagen were used as platelet aggregator.

Prophylactic botulinum type A toxin complex (Dysport®) for migraine without aura.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and optimum dose of a highly purified Clostridium botulinum type A toxin-hemagglutinin complex (Dysport) for migraine prophylaxis.

Background: Botulinum toxin type-A has demonstrated good efficacy in several open-label studies of patients with migraine, involving either individualized or standardized protocols, although data from placebo-controlled trials have been conflicting.

Methods: A 12-week, double-blind, randomized trial of Dysport (120 or 240 units) vs placebo was conducted in 6 centers in Thailand to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and optimum dose of botulinum toxin type-A (Dysport) for migraine prophylaxis.

Thai venous stroke prognostic score: TV-SPSS.

Background And Objective: Prognosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) has never been studied in Thailand. A simple prognostic score to predict poor prognosis of CVST has also never been reported. The authors are aiming to establish a simple and reliable prognostic score for this condition.

Safety and tolerability of galantamine in possible Alzheimer's disease with or without cerebrovascular disease and vascular dementia in Thai patients.

The purpose of this study was to explore factors that influence the clinical safety and tolerability associated with galantamine administration in Thai Alzheimer's disease patients with or without cerebrovascular disease and vascular dementia. This was an analysis of previous study. Tolerability and safety profile were analyzed according to sex, age, body weight, Thai mental state examination (TMSE) score, Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) score, and Alzheimer's disease cooperative study/activities of daily living (ADCS/ADL) score.

Exertional heatstroke: early recognition and outcome with aggressive combined cooling--a 12-year experience.

Objective: To determine the clinical outcomes of an aggressive combined cooling technique for exertional heatstroke in Thailand.

Methods: We analyzed patients who were diagnosed with exertional heatstroke between 1995 and 2007. Outcomes were assessed both in hospital and at 3 months follow-up.

The effect of Galantamine on sleep quality in Thai Alzheimer's disease patients.

Objective: To study the effect of Galantamine on sleep quality in Thai Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with or without cerebrovascular disease.

Material And Method: A 6 month, multicenter open-label, uncontrolled trial was undertaken in 75 mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease patients with or without cerebrovascular disease. Eligible patients received a flexible-dose of Galantamine 16 or 24 mg/day for 24 weeks.

The effect of whole body position on lumbar cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure.

We compared cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure measurements in the lumbar subarachnoid space between the flexed position (F-OP) and relaxed position (R-OP) in recumbent patients. We devised an equation for using F-OP to determine the existence of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Patients (n = 83) underwent lumbar puncture while in the flexed lateral decubitus position and then were moved to the relaxed position.

Expression of monocyte markers in HIV-1 infected individuals with or without HIV associated dementia and normal controls in Bangkok Thailand.

HIV Associated Dementia (HAD) is a complication of HIV infection in developed countries and is still poorly defined in resource-limited settings. In this study we investigated the expression of the monocyte phenotype CD14CD16HLADR and the inflammatory profiles in monocytes supernatants by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry in a cohort of HAD and non-HAD Thai volunteers prior to the initiation of ARV. The CD14CD16HLADR phenotype was significantly increased in monocytes from HAD and non-HAD versus negative controls, but there was no difference in phenotype and in the secretion protein profiles between the two seropositive groups.

Prevalence of depression among epileptic patients at Phramongkutklao Hospital.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of depression among epileptic patients in Phramongkutklao Hospital and to find the factors associated with depression.

Material And Method: One hundred and ten epileptic patients were enrolled and 60 patients met the inclusion criteria. These subjects were screened with Thai Geriatric Depressive Scale (TGDS) and were interviewed.

HIV DNA and dementia in treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals in Bangkok, Thailand.

High HIV-1 DNA (HIV DNA) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) correlate with HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). If this relationship also exists among HAART-naïve patients, then HIV DNA may be implicated in the pathogenesis of HAD. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between HIV DNA and cognition in subjects naïve to HAART in a neuro AIDS cohort in Bangkok, Thailand.