Clinicoradiological study of adult Chiari malformation type 1 patients with emphasis on cerebrospinal fluid peak flow velocity at foramen magnum level.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the peak cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow velocity at the foramen magnum level in adult patients with Chiari type 1 malformation (CM1) and to determine the changes in velocity after posterior fossa decompression. An attempt was also made to determine whether or not CSF flow velocity can be a significant predictor in patients who need surgical intervention.

Materials And Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in 32 symptomatic patients of CM1 treated with craniocervical decompression.

Serum Magnesium as a Marker of Neurological Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.

Unlabelled: Hypomagnesemia is postulated as one of the important determinants of outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI) through its effect on secondary injuries to neurons.

Aims And Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum magnesium level and neurological outcome in patients admitted with severe head injury.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, patients admitted with severe TBI were recruited and dichotomized into low serum magnesium group and normal serum magnesium group based on the initial serum magnesium level.

Role of Squash Cytology in Intraoperative Diagnosis of Spinal Lesions.

Background: Squash cytology for intra operative diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) tumors is an immensely important modality. Though its role in brain lesions is unquestionable and has been proven in a number of studies, its utility for spinal lesions is still a grey zone.

Aims: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of squash preparation in spinal lesions and its statistical significance (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) following histological confirmation.

Evaluation of Intraoperative Cytological Smears for Diagnosis of Brain Tumors with Special Reference to Immunohistochemistry.

Context: Brain tumors are heterogeneous group of benign and malignant tumors of glial, meningeal, neuronal, embryonal, and lymphoid origin. Rapid intraoperative diagnosis of the nature of the tumor helps the surgeon to plan the extent of surgery and modify it accordingly.

Aims: (1) To establish the validity and reliability of squash cytology in the intraoperative diagnosis of brain tumors.

Pneumocephalus following Dorsal Laminectomy: An Unusual Complication.

A 16-year-old male presented at Bangur Institute of Neurosciences Neurosurgery Outpatient Department with history of gradually progressive paraparesis for 5 months associated with stiffness, urinary hesitancy, and urge incontinence for last 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging spine was done which showed cystic intradural extramedullary space occupying lesion at D4/D5 to D9. Patient had 2 episodes of generalized tonic-clonic seizure on the day 4.

Traumatic transfers: calibration is adversely affected when prediction models are transferred between trauma care contexts in India and the United States.

Objective: We evaluated the transferability of prediction models between trauma care contexts in India and the United States and explored updating methods to adjust such models for new contexts.

Study Design And Settings: Using a combination of prospective cohort and registry data from 3,728 patients of Towards Improved Trauma Care Outcomes in India (TITCO) and from 18,756 patients of the US National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB), we derived models in one context and validated them in the other, assessing them for discrimination and calibration using systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and Glasgow coma scale as candidate predictors.

Results: Early mortality was 8% in the TITCO and 1-2% in the NTDB samples.

Expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog, epidermal growth factor receptor, and Ki-67 in astrocytoma: A prospective study in a tertiary care hospital.

Background: Though the tumor grade is a key factor influencing the choice of therapies, particularly determining the use of adjuvant radiation and specific chemotherapy protocols, role of abnormality in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression and variation in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) labeling index (LI) and Ki-67 LI in survival and clinical outcome have been studied by many researchers in the recent past.

Aims: The aim was to evaluate the expression of PTEN, EGFR and Ki-67 in different grades of astrocytic tumors by means of immunohistochemistry and to judge their role in overall survival (OS).

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted on 57 cases of different grades of astrocytomas.

Thalassaemia intermedia presenting with compressive myelopathy: a case report.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis leading to spinal cord compression is a rare complication of thalassaemia. An interesting case has been reported where a diagnosis of thalassaemia intermedia was made at the age of 35 years in a male patient with no history of blood transfusion, who presented with compressive myelopathy caused by extramedullary haematopoietic tissue in epidural space. The patient recovered after surgical decompression.

Significant modulation of macrophages associated cytokines TNF-α, VEGF and apoptotoic protein Bax, Bcl2 abrogates tumor cells.

T11 target structure (T11TS), a membrane glycoprotein has been documented with anti neoplastic activity in glioma bearing animal model in our lab. In this study, we have evaluated the phagocytic potential, expression of VEGF, TNF-α in T11TS treated and untreated macrophages in all four grades of glioma. The data indicates the significant enhancement of phagocytosis in T11TS treated macrophages of grades I and II glioma.

Immunomodulatory role of TIITS in respect to cytotoxic lymphocytes in four grades of human glioma.

T11 target structure (T11TS), a membrane glycoprotein has been documented with antineoplastic activity in animal model in our lab. Previously, in animal study we have documented T11TS induced cytotoxic abrogation of tumor cells. Encouraged by these established findings by our group and as prerequisite for clinical trial, this study has been designed to assess the cytotoxic potential of the patient's lymphocytes in in vitro study of autologous human glioma as modulated by T11TS.

Detection of progesterone receptor and the correlation with Ki-67 labeling index in meningiomas.

Context: Although most of the meningiomas are benign, some of them are associated with a less favorable clinical outcome. The major prognostic question regarding meningiomas is the prediction of recurrence which is largely dependent on the histopathological type, grading, proliferation indices and progesterone receptor status.

Aims: Our study was done to assess the expression of Ki-67 and progesterone receptor (PR) in different histological types, grades, recurrent and non-recurrent meningiomas.