Quality and readability of online information and materials on post-surgery breast seroma.

Seroma formation is the most common complication following breast surgery. However, there is little evidence on the readability of online patient education materials on this issue. This study aimed to assess the accessibility and readability of the relevant online information.

A Three-year Retrospective Study Looking at Preventing Hospital Acquired Thrombosis.

Background: Hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (HA-VTE) is defined as cases of venous thromboembolism (VTE) that occur in a hospital and within ninety days of a hospital admission. Deep vein thromboses (DVTs) most commonly occur within the deep veins of the pelvis and legs. If the thrombus dislodges and travels to the lungs, it can result in a pulmonary embolus (PE).

Round ligament varicosity: a rare but important differential diagnosis of groin lumps during pregnancy.

Round ligament varicosity is rare and mainly reported during pregnancy. A systematic review of the literature identified 48 relevant studies reporting a total of 159 cases of round ligament varicosity, 158 of which were associated with pregnancy. Where reported, the mean age of the patients was 30.

Cystic duct cyst in adults: a systematic review of the sixth entity.

Over the past two decades, there have been an increasing number of reports describing a sixth type of choledochal cyst (cystic duct cyst) in adults that was not included in Todani's classification. This sixth entity has not yet been systematically reviewed in the literature. We therefore explored this condition in adults from the perspective of the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment through a systematic review of the evidence.

Facing the unexpected: unusual causes of mechanical small bowel obstruction in adults.

Mechanical small bowel obstruction in adults is a common emergency condition that typically requires hospitalisation and usually acute surgical intervention. The majority of the cases are due to adhesive obstruction or common abdominal wall hernias or relevant related past history. However, the surgeons might face unexpected challenges in this concept due to rare causes of this condition.

Splenic Abscess Complicating Bariatric Surgery : A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery has become one of the most rapidly growing subspecialty performed globally, and it has been well reported to be associated with low morbidity and mortality rates. Splenic abscess is a rare but serious complication of bariatric surgery that has not been previously systematically reviewed in the literature.

Methods: The authors have performed a systematic review of the evidence that has looked into the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and the management options of splenic abscess complicating bariatric surgery.

Intraoperative decision making in bariatric surgery.

Background: Surgeons may encounter unexpected anatomical or pathological findings during various bariatric surgical procedures for which they must make prompt and critical decisions that had not been planned prior to the operation. In this practice review, we present our experiences with unexpected challenges and on-table decision making in bariatric surgery to share our knowledge with colleagues who may encounter the same challenges during bariatric surgery. This paper's content is of applied learning and practical value focusing on challenging intraoperative decision making; however, it does not discuss the details of the various techniques used during surgery.

Early observations from the initial impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on surgical services in the United Kingdom: a comprehensive review.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a serious impact on health services. In this comprehensive review, the authors have explored the published evidence that has looked into the early effects of this impact on various aspects of delivering surgical services during the crises in the United Kingdom.

Materials And Methods: Electronic literature search of the databases (Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, NICE guidelines and Google Scholar).

Laparoscopic Exploration of the Common Bile Duct: A Systematic Review of the Published Evidence Over the Last 10 Years.

Introduction: Endoscopic and open surgical interventions are widely implemented as the standard practice in common bile duct exploration. However, the laparoscopic approach has been also reported to have comparative/superior outcomes in this concept. This has created an ongoing debate about the ideal approach to adopt in practice.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education.

The coronavirus pandemic has caused major disruption of systems worldwide, including education and health services. The duration and scale of the impact is yet to be established. The effect of the pandemic on medical education should be managed on the basis of early response, alternative education options and future changes and actions.

Challenges encountered in the management of gall stones induced pancreatitis in pregnancy.

Background: Though uncommon, acute biliary pancreatitis in pregnancy carries a potential of serious and life threatening complications to mother and foetus. The management of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is challenging due to the complexity of physiological and anatomical changes. This becomes even more challenging when invasive interventions are urgently needed.

Extraosseous Multiple Myeloma: Case Report of Presentation in the Lower Extremity Soft Tissues with Literature Review.

A rare presentation of extramedullary multiple myeloma in the soft tissues of the bilateral thighs prompted a literature review of published cases of extramedullary multiple myeloma (EM-MM) and solitary plasmacytomas to determine the relative anatomic distribution of these lesions. All available published cases in English were included in the analysis, dating back to 1966 and including 2,538 extramedullary myeloma or solitary plasmacytoma lesions. Analysis of the anatomic location of EM-MM lesions demonstrates the majority being in the upper airway (33.

Laparoscopic appendicectomy in pregnancy: a systematic review of the published evidence.

Unlabelled: Surgical intervention for acute appendicitis during pregnancy carries significant risk to both mother and foetus. The safety of Laparoscopic Appendicectomy in pregnancy has been a matter of debate among clinicians. We have critically reviewed the available published evidence in regards with this debate.

Primary breast osteosarcoma: a case report and review of literature.

Background: Primary soft tissue sarcomas are uncommon. We report a case of primary breast osteosarcoma which was treated successfully. This case report is combined with a literature review of this rare breast malignancy.

Small bowel intussusception in adults.

Intussusception is the telescoping of a proximal segment of the gastrointestinal tract into an adjacent distal segment. This rare form of bowel obstruction occurs infrequently in adults. We report a case of small bowel intussusception in an adult male patient.

The WHO surgical safety checklist.

Surgery plays a prominent role in healthcare worldwide. It has been estimated that the rate of fatal events occurring in surgery is about one in ten thousand exposures and up to one million deaths per year. Most errors are caused by failure of non-technical skills.

Stump appendicitis: a review.

Acute appendicitis is perhaps the commonest cause of acute abdomen and surgical intervention in the form of open or laparoscopic appendicectomy. Stump appendicitis is an uncommon late complication of appendicectomy; where inflammation occurs in the remaining appendicular stump. Delayed diagnosis of this condition may result in serious complications.

Pyoderma gangrenosum: a rare cause of breast ulceration.

Breast ulceration is an alarming sign for clinicians and places a significant physical and psychological burden on the patient. We report a rare presentation of pyoderma gangrenosum of the breast in a patient known to have ulcerative colitis but no active underlying disease process and no history of breast tissue trauma. This case report with literature review highlights the importance of considering pyoderma gangrenosum as a differential diagnosis in breast ulcers.

Breast metastasis from a melanoma.

Benign and primary malignant breast tumors are quite common, but secondary tumors in the breast from metastatic malignancies are rare. Nevertheless, metastasis to the breast must be considered in any patient with a known primary malignant tumor history who presents with a breast lump. We report a case of a premenopausal woman diagnosed with a metastatic melanoma in her breast.

An update on the management and treatment of deep vein thrombosis.

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) with its associated complications of pulmonary embolism and postthrombotic syndrome are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. This review article provides an overview of the pathophysiology, risk factors and the guidelines for thromboprophylaxis. It also reviews the available modalities in the diagnosis and treatment of DVT.

Colorectal stents: do we have enough evidence?

Background: The use of colonic stents has significantly evolved over the last few years. Emergency surgery for colonic obstructions is usually associated with significant mortality, morbidity and often stoma formation. Colonic stents provide an alternative way to relieve colonic obstruction, and hence avoiding the risks associated with emergency surgery.

The results of high-frequency duplex surveillance after iliac arterial stenting in a single center.

Frequent duplex surveillance after iliac arterial stenting is time-consuming and costly, so solid benefits of this approach must be available. Frequent duplex surveillance was performed at our center, this was reviewed retrospectively.A total of 117 stents were assessed.

Varices of the round ligament mimicking an inguinal hernia--an important differential diagnosis during pregnancy.

Pregnancy is a recognised risk factor for the development of inguinal hernias due to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. Whilst often managed conservatively until after the pregnancy, if the hernia presents acutely as a painful or tender groin lump, urgent or emergency repair may be required. Many clinicians rely heavily on clinical examination alone in order to diagnose the presence of such a hernia.