Data on Cu- and Ni-Si-Mn-rich solute clustering in a neutron irradiated austenitic stainless steel.

The data presented in this article is supplementary to the research article "Phase instabilities in austenitic steels during particle bombardment at high and low dose rates" (Levine et al.) [5]. Needle-shaped samples were prepared with focused ion beam milling from a 304L stainless steel that was irradiated with fast neutrons (E 0.

Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunctions as a Basis for a Predictive Model of Risk of Neurological Disorders in Subjects with Prior History of Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications in Alzheimer's Disease.

Autonomic dysfunction is very common in patients with dementia, and its presence might also help in differential diagnosis among dementia subtypes. Various central nervous system structures affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are also implicated in the central autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation. For example, deficits in central cholinergic function in AD could likely lead to autonomic dysfunction.

Impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism as a novel risk factor for selective onset and progression of dementia in oldest-old subjects.

Recent evidence shows that Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia in the oldest-old subjects was associated with significantly less amyloid plaque and fibrillary tangle neuropathology than in the young-old population. In this study, using quantitative (q) PCR studies, we validated genome-wide microarray RNA studies previously conducted by our research group. We found selective downregulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism genes in the brains of oldest-old, but not young-old, AD dementia cases, despite a significant lack of classic AD neuropathology features.

Role of intestinal microbiota in the generation of polyphenol-derived phenolic acid mediated attenuation of Alzheimer's disease β-amyloid oligomerization.

Scope: Grape seed polyphenol extract (GSPE) is receiving increasing attention for its potential preventative and therapeutic roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other age-related neurodegenerative disorders. The intestinal microbiota is known to actively convert many dietary polyphenols, including GSPE, to phenolic acids. There is limited information on the bioavailability and bioactivity of GSPE-derived phenolic acid in the brain.

Childhood and adolescent obesity and long-term cognitive consequences during aging.

The prevalence of childhood/adolescent obesity and insulin resistance has reached an epidemic level. Obesity's immediate clinical impacts have been extensively studied; however, current clinical evidence underscores the long-term implications. The current study explored the impacts of brief childhood/adolescent obesity and insulin resistance on cognitive function in later life.

Role of complement systems in IVIG mediated attenuation of cognitive deterioration in Alzheimer's disease.

Human intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been indicated as a potential therapy for autoimmune neurological disorders, as well as in many neurodegenerative diseases, with various underlying therapeutic mechanisms such as regulation of T-cell trafficking, cytokines, Fc receptor blocking, and interruption of complement activation cascade. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), IVIG presents naturally occurring antibodies against amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, thus IVIG immunotherapy may increase the clearance of Aβ and protect brain function. Recently, we and others reported that besides Aβ clearance, IVIG specifically regulates the levels of complement-derived anaphylatoxins, such as C5a and C3, which play an important role in the regulation of AMPA and NMDA receptor expression in the brain and further upregulate the AMPA-PKA-CREB signaling pathway and synaptic function in AD mouse models.

Cocoa extracts reduce oligomerization of amyloid-β: implications for cognitive improvement in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by pathological aggregates of amyloid peptide-β (Aβ) and tau protein. Currently available therapies mediate AD symptoms without modifying disease progression. Polyphenol-rich diets are reported to reduce the risk for AD.

Molecular topology as novel strategy for discovery of drugs with aβ lowering and anti-aggregation dual activities for Alzheimer's disease.

Background And Purpose: In this study, we demonstrate the use of Molecular topology (MT) in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug discovery program. MT uses and expands upon the principles governing the molecular connectivity theory of numerically characterizing molecular structures, in the present case, active anti-AD drugs/agents, using topological descriptors to build models. Topological characterization has been shown to embody sufficient molecular information to provide strong correlation to therapeutic efficacy.