Dietary Fiber Intake Is Inversely Associated with Periodontal Disease among US Adults.

Background: Approximately 47% of adults in the United States have periodontal disease. Dietary guidelines recommend a diet providing adequate fiber. Healthier dietary habits, particularly an increased fiber intake, may contribute to periodontal disease prevention.

Nut Consumption Among U.S. Youth, 2009-2012.

About one-third of U.S. youth consumed nuts on a given day in 2009–2012.

Fruit Consumption by Youth in the United States.

Objectives: To describe the contribution of whole fruit, including discrete types of fruit, to total fruit consumption and to investigate differences in consumption by sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: We analyzed data from 3129 youth aged 2 to 19 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011 to 2012. Using the Food Patterns Equivalents Database and the What We Eat in America 150 food groups, we calculated the contribution of whole fruit, 100% fruit juices, mixed fruit dishes, and 12 discrete fruit and fruit juices to total fruit consumption.

More than half of US youth consume seafood and most have blood mercury concentrations below the EPA reference level, 2009-2012.

Background: Consuming seafood has health benefits, but seafood can also contain methylmercury, a neurotoxicant. Exposure to methylmercury affects children at different stages of brain development, including during adolescence.

Objective: The objective was to examine seafood consumption and blood mercury concentrations in US youth.

Nut consumption among U.S. adults, 2009-2010.

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010. Almost 40% (38.2%) of adults consumed nuts on a given day.

Fruit and vegetable consumption of U.S. Youth, 2009-2010.

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010. More than three-quarters of youth aged 2-19 years (77.1%) consumed fruit on a given day.

Seafood consumption and blood mercury concentrations in adults aged ≥20 y, 2007-2010.

Background: Seafood is part of a healthy diet, but seafood can also contain methyl mercury-a neurotoxin.

Objective: The objective was to describe seafood consumption in US adults and to explore the relation between seafood consumption and blood mercury.

Design: Seafood consumption, obtained from a food-frequency questionnaire, and blood mercury data were available for 10,673 adults who participated in the 2007-2010 NHANES-a cross-sectional nationally representative sample of the US population.

Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among youth and adults in the United States: 1999-2010.

Background: Reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is a recommended strategy to promote optimal health.

Objective: The objective was to describe trends in SSB consumption among youth and adults in the United States.

Design: We analyzed energy intake from SSBs among 22,367 youth aged 2-19 y and 29,133 adults aged ≥20 y who participated in a 24-h dietary recall as part of NHANES, a nationally representative sample of the US population with a cross-sectional design, between 1999 and 2010.

Dietary supplement use among infants, children, and adolescents in the United States, 1999-2002.

Objective: To describe dietary supplement use among US children.

Design: Analysis of nationally representative data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Setting: Home interviews and a mobile examination center.

Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Jordanian plants: an ICBG project.

As part of an International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups (ICBG) program to study Jordan's biodiversity, the relative levels of antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content of aqueous and methanolic extracts of a total of 95 plant species, all of Jordanian origin and those collected at random, have been measured. The total phenolic content of aqueous and methanolic extracts of the investigated plant species ranged from 4.4 to 78.

An alternative to dietary data exclusions.

Objective: To examine an alternative to exclusion of apparently implausible data when examining the relationship of dietary energy density to total energy intake and of energy intake to body mass index (BMI). The objective is to show the advantages of retaining all available data but stratifying based on level of energy intake.

Subjects/settings: We examined 24-hour dietary recall data obtained from 7,720 adult participants (18 to 64 years old) in the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002.

Variability in the yield of benzophenanthridine alkaloids in wildcrafted vs cultivated bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis L.).

Populations of bloodroot [Sanguinaria canadensis L. (Papaveraceae)] are found throughout the eastern forests of North America, with particular abundance in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Increasingly, it is finding use in Europe as a nonantibiotic animal feed supplement to promote weight gain.

Water and food consumption patterns of U.S. adults from 1999 to 2001.

Objective: High water consumption has been proposed as an aid to weight control and as a means of reducing the energy density of the diet. This study examines the relationship between water consumption and other drinking and eating patterns.

Research Methods And Procedures: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2001, with responses from 4755 individuals > or =18 years of age, provides the data for this cross-sectional analysis.

Changes in beverage intake between 1977 and 2001.

Objective: To examine American beverage consumption trends and causes.

Methods: Nationally representative data from the 1977-1978 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey, the 1989-1991 and 1994-1996 (also for children aged 2 to 9 years in 1998) Continuing Surveys of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII), and 1999-2001 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used in this study. The sample consisted of 73,345 individuals, aged >or=2 years.

Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity.

Obesity is a major epidemic, but its causes are still unclear. In this article, we investigate the relation between the intake of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and the development of obesity. We analyzed food consumption patterns by using US Department of Agriculture food consumption tables from 1967 to 2000.

The sweetening of the world's diet.

Objective: Using data from many countries in the world combined with in-depth U.S. dietary data, we explored trends in caloric sweetener intake, the role of urbanization and income changes in explaining these trends, and the contribution of specific foods to these changes.

Patterns and trends in food portion sizes, 1977-1998.

Context: While general consensus holds that food portion sizes are increasing, no empirical data have documented actual increases.

Objective: To determine trends in food portion sizes consumed in the United States, by eating location and food source.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Nationally representative data from the Nationwide Food Consumption Survey (1977-1978) and the Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (1989-1991, 1994-1996, and 1998).

Trends in food locations and sources among adolescents and young adults.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine overall trends of total energy intake by food location and food type in diets of adolescents and young adults.

Methods: This study used a nationally representative sample of 16,810 individuals, ages 12-29 from the 1977 to 1978 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey and the 1989-1991 and 1994-1996 Continuing Surveys of Food Intake by Individuals. For each survey year, the percentage of total energy intake from meals and snacks was calculated for adolescents ages 12-18 and young adults ages 19-29.

Trends in energy intake in U.S. between 1977 and 1996: similar shifts seen across age groups.

Objective: To determine the trends in locations and food sources of Americans stratified by age group for both total energy and the meal and snack subcomponents.

Research Methods And Procedures: Nationally representative data was taken from the 1977 to 1978 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey and the 1989 to 1991 and 1994 to 1996 (and 1998 for children age 2 through 9) Continuing Surveys of Food Intake by Individuals. The sample consisted of 63,380 individuals, age 2 and up.