analysis of dietary polyphenols and their gut microbial metabolites suggest inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection, replication, and host inflammatory mediators.

The outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic to severe COVID-19 and death resulting from an exaggerated immune response termed cytokine storm. Epidemiological data have associated consumption of a high-quality plant-based diet with decreased incidence and severity of COVID-19. Dietary polyphenols and their microbial metabolites (MMs) have anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activities.

Impact of grape polyphenols on and the gut barrier.

A healthy gastrointestinal tract functions as a highly selective barrier, allowing the absorption of nutrients and metabolites while preventing gut bacteria and other xenobiotic compounds from entering host circulation and tissues. The intestinal epithelium and intestinal mucus provide a physical first line of defense against resident microbes, pathogens and xenotoxic compounds. Prior studies have indicated that the gut microbe , a mucin-metabolizer, can stimulate intestinal mucin thickness to improve gut barrier integrity.

Diffusing Innovation and Motivating Change: Adopting a Student-Led and Whole-School Approach to Mental Health Promotion.

Background: Research suggests that a whole-school approach to mental health promotion can be more effective than a compartmentalized approach. In particular, student-led initiatives have demonstrated a positive impact on students' mental health, though not without systemic and individual barriers. Factors that lead to successful implementation and sustaining of student-led initiatives are currently not well understood.