Pollinator identity and behavior affect pollination in kiwifruit ( Planch.).

Many crop plants rely on insect pollination, particularly insect-pollinated crops which are functionally dioecious. These crops require insects to move pollen between separate plants which are functionally male or female. While honey bees are typically considered the most important crop pollinator species, many other insects are known to visit crops but the pollination contribution of the full diversity of these flower visitors is poorly understood.

Quantitative pancreatic MRI: a pathology-based review.

MRI plays an important role in the clinical management of pancreatic disorders and interpretation is reliant on qualitative assessment of anatomy. Conventional sequences capturing pancreatic structure can however be adapted to yield quantitative measures which provide more diagnostic information, with a view to increasing diagnostic accuracy, improving patient stratification, providing robust non-invasive outcome measures for therapeutic trials and ultimately personalizing patient care. In this review, we evaluate the use of established techniques such as secretin-enhanced MR cholangiopancreatography, diffusion-weighted imaging, , * and fat fraction mapping, but also more experimental methods such as MR elastography and arterial spin labelling, and their application to the assessment of diffuse pancreatic disease (including chronic, acute and autoimmune pancreatitis/IgG4 disease, metabolic disease and iron deposition disorders) and cystic/solid focal pancreatic masses.

The role of multidisciplinary meetings for benign pancreatobiliary diseases: a tertiary centre experience.

Multidisciplinary meetings are central to the management of chronic and complex diseases and they have become widely established across the modern healthcare. Patients with pancreatobiliary diseases can often present with complex clinical dilemmas, which fall out with the scope of current guidelines. Therefore, these patients require a personalised management approach discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting.

Laparoscopy-assisted ERCP (LA-ERCP) following bariatric gastric bypass surgery: initial experience of a single UK centre.

Background: Bariatric gastric bypass surgery is being increasingly performed, but endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in these patients poses a unique challenge because of a lack of per-oral access to the stomach. Small series suggest a higher technical success rate using laparoscopy-assisted ERCP (LA-ERCP) than with an enteroscopic approach via the Roux-en-Y anastomosis. We present initial experience of LA-ERCP in our unit.

Fooled by the film: delayed diagnosis of incarcerated small-bowel hernia after laparoscopic surgery for endometrial cancer.

Prompt recognition of laparoscopic surgical complications is vital. We present a case highlighting the dangers of relying on plain radiography for exclusion of bowel herniation through a port site. Early recourse to cross-sectional imaging is recommended to avoid such pitfalls.

The role of integrated F-18-FDG-PET scanning in the detection of M1 disease in oesophageal adenocarcinoma and impact on clinical management.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scanning in the staging of oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

Methods: One hundred four patients with biopsy-proven adenocarcinoma underwent (18)F-FDG-PET scan. FDG avid lesions were further investigated to their diagnostic conclusion.

Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography criteria to diagnose autoimmune pancreatitis: an international multicentre study.

Background: Characteristic pancreatic duct changes on endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) have been described in autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). The performance characteristics of ERP to diagnose AIP were determined.

Methods: The study was done in two phases.

Applications of computed tomography in renal imaging.

There have been huge advances in CT technology since its introduction more than 30 years ago. Modern, multislice CT scanners are fast and produce truly volumetric data, allowing it to be reconstructed in almost any plane. In this article, we explore the impact of these developments on the use of CT in imaging of the renal tract.