The effects of neighborhood disadvantage and adverse childhood experiences on conditioned pain modulation in adults with chronic low back pain.

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) remains a major health crisis worldwide. Current conceptualizations of cLBP utilize the biopsychosocial model, yet research on social factors remains limited. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a risk factor for a variety of chronic health problems, including cLBP.

Understanding Risk of Chronic Pain Development and Related Mental Health Disparities Among Transgender People: A Review of Current Literature and Future Directions.

Biomedical and clinical research has traditionally focused on binary sex assignments as opposed to gender identity. This oversight has resulted in other gender minority populations being understudied. As a result, there is limited literature on chronic pain and mental health in transgender populations.