Secondary Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome Following Blunt Trauma.

Purpose: To report a case of secondary unilateral MEWDS following blunt trauma to the eye.

Methods: Observational case report of one patient.

Results: A 25-year-old male initially presented after being hit in the left eye with a football, with visual acuity of 20/50, traumatic iritis, commotio retinae, vitreous hemorrhage, and a large pigment epithelial detachment in the superior macula.

Repair of a Tractional Retinal Detachment in the Setting of an Idiopathic Vasoproliferative Tumor.

Vasoproliferative tumors (VPT) are benign retinal lesions that may cause epiretinal membrane proliferation and tractional retinal detachments (TRD). We describe a case of a 71-year-old woman who presented with a macula involving TRD in the setting of a VPT. Given the limited number of publications on the management of these cases, we aim to articulate some principles we believe may be helpful in planning a surgical approach that maximizes postoperative anatomic and functional outcomes.

Expanded Spectrum Torpedo Retinopathy: A Case Series.

Torpedo lesions in the retina are rare, and their clinical significance has not been well established. This case series highlights patients with atypical torpedo lesions with varying orientations and pigmentation patterns. We describe the first documented case of an inferiorly oriented lesion, to our knowledge, and add to the few previous descriptions of double-torpedo lesions.

Sex Differences in Moderate to Severe Psoriasis: Analysis of the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry.

Patterns of psoriasis characteristics by sex are not fully understood. Evaluate patient characteristics by sex at enrollment in the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry (PSOLAR). Two PSOLAR cohorts were evaluated by sex: patients who were biologic-naïve (n = 3329) and patients who were systemic therapy-naïve (n = 1290) at entry.

Prelimbic cortex drives discrimination of non-aversion via amygdala somatostatin interneurons.

The amygdala and prelimbic cortex (PL) communicate during fear discrimination retrieval, but how they coordinate discrimination of a non-threatening stimulus is unknown. Here, we show that somatostatin (SOM) interneurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) become active specifically during learned non-threatening cues and desynchronize cell firing by blocking phase reset of theta oscillations during the safe cue. Furthermore, we show that SOM activation and desynchronization of the BLA is PL-dependent and promotes discrimination of non-threat.

Hidradenitis suppurativa: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and pathogenesis.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory disorder that is characterized by chronic deep-seated nodules, abscesses, fistulae, sinus tracts, and scars in the axilla, inguinal area, submammary folds, and perianal area. This disfiguring condition is accompanied by pain, embarrassment, and a significantly decreased quality of life. Although the mechanism of HS has not been entirely elucidated, lesion formation is believed to center around follicular hyperkeratosis within the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit.

Hidradenitis suppurativa: Current and emerging treatments.

The treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has remained challenging because of the many knowledge gaps regarding etiology. However, recent studies into the pathogenesis of HS have enabled the investigation of newer therapies. The second article in this continuing medical education series reviews the evidence for established therapies for HS, including anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, and surgery.

Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation: Abnormal Strain Overestimates Nonviable Myocardium.

Background: Therapy for moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation remains unclear. Determination of myocardial viability, a necessary prerequisite for an improvement in regional contractility, is a likely key factor in determining response to revascularization alone. Myocardial strain has been proposed as a viability measure but has not been compared with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Prognostic utility of differential tissue characterization of cardiac neoplasm and thrombus via late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance among patients with advanced systemic cancer.

Background: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE-) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is well-validated for cardiac mass (C) tissue characterization to differentiate neoplasm (C) from thrombus (C): Prognostic implications of C subtypes among systemic cancer patients are unknown.

Methods: C + patients and controls (C -) matched for cancer diagnosis and stage underwent a standardized CMR protocol, including LGE-CMR (IR-GRE) for tissue characterization and balanced steady state free precession cine-CMR (SSFP) for cardiac structure/function. C subtypes (C, C) were respectively defined by presence or absence of enhancement on LGE-CMR; lesions were quantified for tissue properties (contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR); signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and size.

Multiplanar strain quantification for assessment of right ventricular dysfunction and non-ischemic fibrosis among patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation.

Background: Ischemic mitral regurgitation (iMR) predisposes to right ventricular (RV) pressure and volume overload, providing a nidus for RV dysfunction (RVDYS) and non-ischemic fibrosis (NIF). Echocardiography (echo) is widely used to assess iMR, but performance of different indices as markers of RVDYS and NIF is unknown.

Methods: iMR patients prospectively underwent echo and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) within 72 hours.

Echocardiography-quantified myocardial strain-a marker of global and regional infarct size that stratifies likelihood of left ventricular thrombus.

Background: Myocardial strain provides a novel means of quantifying subtle alterations in contractile function; incremental utility post-MI is unknown.

Objectives: To test longitudinal-quantified by postprocessing routine echo-for assessment of MI size measured by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and conventional methods, and assess regional and global strain (GLS) as markers of LV thrombus.

Methods: The population comprised of patients with anterior ST-segment MI who underwent echo and CMR prospectively.

Echocardiographic linear fractional shortening for quantification of right ventricular systolic function-A cardiac magnetic resonance validation study.

Background: Echocardiography (echo)-based linear fractional shortening (FS) is widely used to assess left ventricular dysfunction (LV ), but has not been systematically tested for right ventricular dysfunction (RV ).

Methods: The population comprised LV patients with and without RV (EF<50%) on cardiac MRI (CMR): Echo included standard RV indices (fractional area change [FAC], TAPSE, S', and FS in parasternal long-axis (RV outflow tract [RV ]) and apical four-chamber views (width [RV ], length [RV ]).

Results: A total of 168 patients underwent echo and CMR (3±3 days); FAC (46±9 vs 28±11), TAPSE (1.

Right Ventricular Dysfunction Impairs Effort Tolerance Independent of Left Ventricular Function Among Patients Undergoing Exercise Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.

Background: Right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) function are closely linked due to a variety of factors, including common coronary blood supply. Altered LV perfusion holds the potential to affect the RV, but links between LV ischemia and RV performance, and independent impact of RV dysfunction on effort tolerance, are unknown.

Methods And Results: The population comprised 2051 patients who underwent exercise stress myocardial perfusion imaging and echo (5.