Flight capacity and behavior of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in response to kairomonal and pheromonal stimuli.

Flight behavior is an important component to understand in the context of pest management. However, because of their small size, little is known about the flight capacity of most stored-product insects, and when a flight has been assessed, it usually consists of a propensity for initiating flight. Despite a priori expectations of the importance of flight for moths, there are no data about the flight capacity and little on the flight behavior of the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

Corn360: a method for quantification of corn kernels.

Background: The rapidly advancing corn breeding field calls for high-throughput methods to phenotype corn kernel traits to estimate yield and to study their genetic inheritance. Most of the existing methods are reliant on sophisticated setup, expertise in statistical models and programming skills for image capturing and analysis.

Results: We demonstrated a portable, easily accessible, affordable, panoramic imaging capturing system called Corn360, followed by image analysis using freely available software, to characterize total kernel count and different patterned kernel counts of a corn ear.

Field Trapping and Flight Capacity of (Riley) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Response to Behaviorally Active Congeneric Semiochemicals in Novel Silflower Agroecosystems.

is a novel perennial crop being developed for oilseed and biofuel in the midwestern US. One of the primary pests in this system is (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Little is known about the chemical ecology or flight behavior of , but many semiochemicals have been identified from other closely related species.

'Menthol-Plus': a major category of cigarette found among 'concept' descriptor cigarettes from Mexico.

Background: Tobacco companies are offering cigarettes with 'concept' descriptor names that suggest sensation and/or flavour properties (eg, Marlboro 'Velvet Fusion'). Little has been known about the identities and levels of flavour chemicals in such cigarettes.

Methods: Thirty-three filter cigarette variants from 27 packs (including two sampler packs with four variations each) from Canada and Mexico were analysed (rod + filter) for 177 flavour chemicals plus triacetin, a filter plasticiser and possible flavourant.

Boiling points of the propylene glycol + glycerol system at 1 atmosphere pressure: 188.6-292 °C without and with added water or nicotine.

In electronic cigarettes ("electronic nicotine delivery systems", ENDS), mixtures of propylene glycol (PG) and/or glycerol (GL; aka "vegetable glycerin", VG) with nicotine are vaporized to create a nicotine-containing aerosol. For a given composition, the temperature required to boil the liquid at 1 atmosphere must be at least somewhat greater than the boiling point (BP). The use of ENDS is increasing rapidly worldwide, yet the BP characteristics of the PG + GL system have been characterized as the mixtures; here we re-do this, but significantly, also study the effects of added water and nicotine.