Progression from childhood overweight to adolescent obesity in a large contemporary cohort.

Context: The overweight - as distinct from obese - child is a potential target for obesity prevention interventions, on the assumption that overweight often progresses to obesity. However, there is limited empirical evidence on the probability that overweight progresses to obesity in contemporary children. Aim.

Glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and insulin secretion in young south Indian adults: Relationships to parental size, neonatal size and childhood body mass index.

Objective: To study the relationship of newborn size and post-natal growth to glucose intolerance in south Indian adults.

Research Design And Methods: 2218 men and women (mean age 28 years) were studied from a population-based birth cohort born in a large town and adjacent rural villages. The prevalence of adult diabetes mellitus [DM] and impaired glucose tolerance [IGT], and insulin resistance and insulin secretion (calculated) were examined in relation to BMI and height at birth, and in infancy, childhood and adolescence and changes in BMI and height between these stages.

High prevalence of glucose intolerance even among young adults in south India.

India is experiencing an epidemic of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in young adults. This study reports the prevalence of glucose intolerance, and insulin profiles, and their relationship to lifestyle factors in 2218 young adults (aged 26-32 years; 997 urban, 1221 rural) in south India. They were drawn from a cohort of 10,691 individuals born during 1969-1973 in Vellore and nearby villages.

Anthropometry, glucose tolerance, and insulin concentrations in Indian children: relationships to maternal glucose and insulin concentrations during pregnancy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the environment experienced by fetuses of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and mothers with higher glucose concentrations that are in the normal range causes increased adiposity and altered glucose/insulin metabolism in childhood.

Research Design And Methods: Children (n = 630) whose mothers were tested for glucose tolerance during pregnancy had detailed anthropometry performed at birth and annually thereafter. At 5 years, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were measured in the children (2-h oral glucose tolerance test) and their fathers (fasting samples only).

Anthropometric indicators of body composition in young adults: relation to size at birth and serial measurements of body mass index in childhood in the New Delhi birth cohort.

Background: South Asians have a muscle-thin but adipose body phenotype and high rates of obesity-related disease. Adult body composition may be predictable in early life.

Objective: Anthropometric indexes of adult body composition were examined in relation to birth size and body mass index (BMI) during childhood.

Glucose tolerance in pregnancy in South India: relationships to neonatal anthropometry.

Background: The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide, most rapidly in developing countries such as India. Exposure as a fetus to maternal gestational diabetes is thought to be a risk factor for developing the disease. This study was set up to determine the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in one urban maternity unit in South India and to examine its effect on the offspring's neonatal anthropometry, childhood growth, and glucose/insulin metabolism.

Higher offspring birth weight predicts the metabolic syndrome in mothers but not fathers 8 years after delivery: the Pune Children's Study.

In Europid populations, low birth weight of offspring predicts insulin resistance in the mother and cardiovascular disease in both parents. We investigated the association between birth weight of offspring and obesity and cardiovascular risk in the parents of 477 8-year-old children born at the King Edward Memorial Hospital, Pune, India. Eight years after the birth of the child, mothers (33 years of age, n = 459) of heavier babies were taller and more obese (BMI, fat mass, and waist circumference, all P < 0.