Tuscany consensus for pediatric scabies: update on clinical management and the urgent need for new guidelines.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the degree of agreement among pediatric dermatologists in Tuscany concerning different aspects of scabies infestation management in children, employing the Delphi method.

Methods: We conducted a Delphi study involving ten pediatric dermatology centers in Tuscany, Italy. Questionnaires were distributed to a panel of experts anonymously.

Exploring the Co-occurrence of dermatophyte infection and ichthyosis: A report of 3 cases.

Dermatophyte infections frequently pose diagnostic challenges, especially when occurring alongside ichthyosis, a genetic skin disorder characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. This case series outlines three cases where dermatophyte infections overlapped with ichthyosis, emphasizing the complexities in clinical identification and differential diagnosis. Atypical clinical presentations in these cases led to initial misdiagnoses.

Prenatal ultrasound detection of collodion membrane in association with an autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis due to transglutaminase 1 deficiency.

We describe a case of collodion baby diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound. Classic signs (ectropion, flattened nose, and eclabion) were detected on routine ultrasound at 21 weeks of gestation. At birth, the presence of collodion membrane was confirmed and subsequently, the diagnosis of an autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis due to compound heterozygosity of the TGM1 gene was made.

A 52-week multicenter retrospective real-world study on effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in children with atopic dermatitis aged from 6 to 11 years.

Dupilumab has been shown to be a safe and effective drug for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children from 6 months to 11 years in randomized clinical trials. Aim: The aim of this real-life study was to determine the effectiveness in disease control and safety of dupilumab at W52 in moderate-to-severe AD children aged 6-11 years. All data were collected from 36 Italian dermatological or paediatric referral centres.

Is Pediatric Melanoma Really That Different from Adult Melanoma? A Multicenter Epidemiological, Clinical and Dermoscopic Study.

Purpose: To improve the diagnostic accuracy and optimal management of pediatric melanomas.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive, multicenter study of the epidemiological, clinical, and dermoscopic characteristics of histopathologically proven melanomas diagnosed in patients less than 18 years old. Data on sociodemographic variables, clinical and dermoscopic characteristics, histopathology, local extension, therapy and follow-up, lymph node staging, and outcome were collected from the databases of three Italian dermatology units.

Treatment of severe psoriasis in children: recommendations of an Italian expert group.

Unlabelled: This article provides comprehensive recommendations for the systemic treatment of severe pediatric psoriasis based on evidence obtained from a systematic review of the literature and the consensus opinion of expert dermatologists and pediatricians. For each systemic treatment, the grade of recommendation (A, B, C) based on the treatment's approval by the European Medicines Agency for childhood psoriasis and the experts' opinions is discussed. The grade of recommendation for narrow-band-ultraviolet B phototherapy, cyclosporine, and retinoids is C, while that for methotrexate is C/B.

Hair and Scalp Disorders in a Tuscan Pediatric Dermatological Outpatient Clinic: A Clinical and Epidemiological Evaluation.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of hair and scalp disorders in children referred to the Pediatric Dermatology Outpatient Clinic.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective study of children with hair loss problems or scalp diseases who turned to the Pediatric Dermatology Service, Anna Meyer Pediatric Hospital, Florence, Italy, from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009. Demographics, personal and familial medical history, laboratory tests, clinical examination, final diagnosis and therapeutic interventions were obtained from the manual chart review.

Allergic contact dermatitis to triethanolamine in a child.

Triethanolamine is used as an emulsifier in many cosmetics and in topical medications, yet the occurrence of contact dermatitis to cosmetics containing triethanolamine is rare in childhood. Our case highlights how young age should not be a deterrent to investigation and demonstrates the importance of patch testing with selected allergens.

Red nodule on the breast.

A 63-year-old woman living in the countryside referred to our department with a 2-month history of a red nodule localized on the right breast. Histological examination, immunohistochemical analyses and serologic evaluation conducted with ELISA and Western blot were performed. Clinical diagnosis of borrelial lymphocytoma was not possible solely on the clinical presentation of a classical nodular form without lymphoadenopathy.

Vitiligo in an Italian outpatient center: a clinical and serologic study of 204 patients in Tuscany.

Background: Vitiligo is a depigmentation disorder resulting from destruction of cutaneous melanocytes that affects 0.1-2% of the world's population, irrespective of sex and race.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and immunopathologic characteristics of a series of Italian vitiligo patients.

Vitiligo therapy.

Vitiligo can be treated using various new and experimental therapies, such as narrow-band ultraviolet B microphototherapy (NB-UVB), narrow-band ultraviolet B excimer laser and monochromatic excimer light. The first is recommended for generalized vitiligo, whereas the latter two are indicated in patients affected by segmental and bilateral symmetrical vitiligo with < 20% cutaneous involvement. Medical treatments include topical corticosteroids and other topical treatments, such as antioxidants, tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, prostaglandin E, and vitamin D derivatives.

Purpura-associated congenital lymphedema.

An 8-year-old girl referred to our Department for a two-month worsening of congenital primary lymphedema of the lower limb and for the appearance of several purpuric lesions on the right thigh and knee. We diagnosed a lichenoid pigmented purpura of Gougerot and Blum in a patient with Milroy disease, complicated by an insufficiency of anterior saphena. We treated the patient with topical steroids and compression stockings, until surgical intervention of phlebectomy.

Keratinocyte dysfunction in vitiligo epidermis: cytokine microenvironment and correlation to keratinocyte apoptosis.

Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by loss of functional melanocytes. Keratinocytes contribute to melanocyte homeostasis, and keratinocyte alteration may play a role in melanocyte dysfunction in vitiligo. In particular, the release of melanogenic mediators and the level of functioning keratinocytes may affect melanocyte dysfunction in vitiligo epidermis.

Sequential effects of photodynamic treatment of basal cell carcinoma.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of superficial basal cell carcinoma (SBCC) acts as a biological response modifier or killing target cells, but sequential biological effects have not been reported in depth in humans.

Methods: In 15 patients with SBCC treated with aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-PDT, inflammatory infiltrate, apoptosis phenomena and tumor-derived molecules were investigated on biopsies at baseline, and after 15 min and 4, 24, 48 and 72 h, by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructure.

Results: Early apoptosis of keratinocytes was already observed at 15 min, while late apoptotic markers were maximally found at 24 h.

Idiopathic atrophie blanche.

A 41-year-old woman presented with a 3-year history of purpuric lesions followed by superficial, painful ulcers and development of lesions on the lower legs and on the dorsa of the feet, particularly in the summer. The patient was asymptomatic during the winter months. On physical examination she had irregular, scleroatrophic, white-ivory, coalescent lesions on a livedoid basis, with purpuric and, in some lesions, pigmented borders with numerous telangiectatic capillaries.

An itching and excoriated dermatosis during intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

A 35-year-old woman at 30th gestation week of her second pregnancy presented to our department with a 2-month history of intense and generalized pruritus. She had a spontaneous abortion 1 year earlier. Itching initially presented during nighttime and localized on lower limbs and after became continuous, diffuse, and associated with excoriations due to scratching.

Atopic dermatitis exclusively localized on nipples and areolas.

We present an 11-year-old girl, with celiac disease, and a 9- month history of itchy and erythemato-edematous lesions with vesicles and exudation on her nipples and areolas. No other lesions or signs of scratching were present on her face or folds. She had no specific lesions of atopic dermatitis in typical sites nor in other body surface during her life.

Case study: fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution localized on alopecia androgenetica areas and unaffected scalp.

A 54-year-old man with a 24-year history of androgenetic alopecia was referred to the Department of Dermatological Sciences with follicular inflammatory lesions leading to scleroatrophy in the vertex region (Figure 1) of 1-year duration. These lesions appeared a year ago. There was no previous history of this condition.

Cutaneous sarcoid-like granulomas in a patient with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome.

We describe a 5-year-old boy with red-pink, firm, nodular lesions, with central resolution and prominent borders, localized to the face, backs of the hands, extensor surfaces of the arms and legs, and the buttocks. He also had recurrent bacterial respiratory infections. Quantitative immunoglobulin levels revealed hypogammaglobulinemia and increased IgM levels.