Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Central Hemodynamic Parameters and Autonomic Nervous System in Obese or Overweight Individuals.

Background: Previous studies have been inconsistent in demonstrating beneficial cardiovascular effects of vitamin D supplementation.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on central hemodynamic parameters and autonomic activity in obese/overweight individuals with low vitamin D levels (<30ng/dl).

Methods: Adults 40-65 years old with body mass index ≥25<40 kg/m2 were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial (NCT05689632).

Arterial Stiffness Associated with Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Obese Individuals with Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a chronic disorder associated with several risk factors, and increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference are correlated with it is severity.

Aim: To evaluate vascular function, central hemodynamics, and autonomic modulation in obese individuals with moderate and severe OSA.

Methods: Individuals of both sexes, aged 40-70 years and BMI ≥ 30 and < 40 kg/m, were submitted to assessment of heart rate variability, endothelial function by flow-mediated dilatation, central parameters by oscillometry and carotid ultrasound.

Acute Effects of Dietary Nitrate on Central Pressure and Endothelial Function in Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study.

Background: The diet's inorganic nitrate (NO3-) may provide a physiological substrate for reducing nitrate (NO2-) to NO independent of the endothelium. Studies suggest that inorganic NO3- has beneficial effects on cardiovascular health.

Objective: This study evaluated the acute effects of 500 mL nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BRJ; containing 11.

Early Vascular Aging in Obese Individuals with Low Cardiovascular Health.

Introduction: The American Heart Association updated the original recommendations for cardiovascular health (CVH) promotion, defining the Life's Essential 8 (L8).

Aim: the aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare vascular function, central hemodynamics and autonomic modulation in obese individuals with low and moderate CVH-L8.

Methods: Both sexes, aged 40-70 years and Body Mass Index ≥ 30 and < 40 kg/m, were submitted to anthropometric and biochemical evaluation, assessment of heart rate variability, endothelial function by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and central parameters by oscillometry.

Effects of weight loss through lifestyle changes on heart rate variability in overweight and obese patients: A systematic review.

Background & Aims: The effects of calorie restriction and physical activity on autonomic regulation and cardiac vagal control in overweight and obese individuals remain inconsistent. Thus, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the weight loss effects through lifestyle changes on heart rate variability (HRV) markers in overweight and obese subjects.

Methods: A systematic search for studies published up to November 2021 was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO host and VHL REGIONAL/LILACS.

Effects of probiotics on body adiposity and cardiovascular risk markers in individuals with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background & Aims: Evidence suggests that gut microbiota is a potential factor in the pathophysiology of both obesity and related metabolic disorders. While individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated the effects of probiotics on adiposity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in subjects with overweight and obesity, the results are inconsistent. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on body weight, body adiposity and CVD risk markers in overweight and obese subjects.

Microvascular Reactivity in Hypertensive Patients with High Body Adiposity.

Background: Several anthropometric indexes have been proposed to determine the association between overweight and cardiovascular risk factors.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between body adiposity and microvascular reactivity in hypertensive patients under antihypertensive therapy.

Methods: Treated hypertensive patients aged 40 to 70 were submitted to evaluation of anthropometric indexes: conicity (CI), body adiposity (BAI), visceral adiposity (VAI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR).

Association of urinary sodium/potassium ratio with structural and functional vascular changes in non-diabetic hypertensive patients.

Studies aiming to associate the sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratio with hypertension use 24-hour urinary excretion as a daily marker of ingestion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between urinary Na/K ratio and structural and functional vascular alterations in non-diabetic hypertensive patients. In hypertensive patients (n = 72), aged between 40 and 70 years, both sexes (61% women), in use of hydrochlorothiazide, we measured blood pressure, 24-hour urine sample collection, assessment of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV, Complior), central hemodynamic parameters (SphygmoCor), and post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH).