Pulmonary Artery Endograft Implantation Using a Parallel Stent Grafting Technique to Enable the Treatment of a Bronchial Anastomosis Complication After Lung Transplantation.

Background: Bronchial stenosis associated with bronchial anastomosis dehiscence after lung transplantation is a catastrophic complication following lung transplantation with a paucity of therapeutic solutions.

Purpose: To describe an adaptation of the parallel stent grafting technique in the pulmonary arterial territory to treat this challenging situation.

Research Design: This is a case report of a 52-year-old patient who presented bronchus stenosis and bronchial anastomosis dehiscence after lung transplantion.

NIN-like proteins (NLPs) as crucial nitrate sensors: an overview of their roles in nitrogen signaling, symbiosis, abiotic stress, and beyond.

Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient critical for plant growth and productivity. Plants have the capacity to uptake inorganic nitrate and ammonium, with nitrate playing a crucial role as a signaling molecule in various cellular processes. The availability of nitrate and the signaling pathways involved finely tune the processes of nitrate uptake and assimilation.

Inpatient Management of the Acutely Decompensating Lung Transplant Candidate.

Lung allocation in the US changed nearly 15 years ago from time accrued on the waiting list to disease severity and likelihood of posttransplant survival, represented by the lung allocation score (LAS). Notably, the risk of death within a year plays a stronger role on the score calculation than posttransplant survival. While this change was associated with the intended decrease in waitlist mortality (most recently reported at 14.

Phages and Enzybiotics in Food Biopreservation.

Presently, biopreservation through protective bacterial cultures and their antimicrobial products or using antibacterial compounds derived from plants are proposed as feasible strategies to maintain the long shelf-life of products. Another emerging category of food biopreservatives are bacteriophages or their antibacterial enzymes called "phage lysins" or "enzybiotics", which can be used directly as antibacterial agents due to their ability to act on the membranes of bacteria and destroy them. Bacteriophages are an alternative to antimicrobials in the fight against bacteria, mainly because they have a practically unique host range that gives them great specificity.

A Retrospective Cohort Study of Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infection Following Lung Transplant.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the leading health care-associated infections as well as a major problem in the postoperative period of lung transplant recipients. Little is known about the risk factors in this specific population. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of SSI following lung transplant.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Lung Transplantation: Initial Experience at a Single Brazilian Center.

Objective: To report initial experience from the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients who received lung transplantation.

Methods: Retrospective study of a single tertiary center in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, a national reference in lung transplantation, based on the prospective collection of data from electronic medical records. The period analyzed extended from January 2009 (beginning of the program) until December 2018.

Technical Challenges in Lung Transplantation of Kartagener Syndrome Recipients: A Unique Team Experience With 12 Patients.

Kartagener syndrome (KS) is a rare congenital disorder related to bronchiectasis, chronic sinusitis, and situs inversus, predisposing patients to recurrent respiratory infections that can evolve to end-stage lung disease; lung transplantation (LTx) is one of the therapeutic options. This study highlights some concerns in this group of patients, mainly related to the difficulty of performing the transplantation in recipients with suppurative disease and situs inversus. We conducted a retrospective analysis of all KS patients who underwent LTx at 2 national reference centers by the same LTx team.

Surveillance Bronchoscopy in Lung Transplantation Recipients: A Single Center Experience Analysis.

Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of infection or acute cellular rejection in lung transplantation (LTx) recipients, but there is some controversy to perform it in asymptomatic patients. We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical reports of LTx recipients who survived in the first year after transplant during the period of August 2003 to February 2018 to evaluate the applicability of this procedure in the management of asymptomatic acute cellular rejection in our center. We assessed 1252 bronchoscopies of 247 patients during this period, and, facing the histopathological results, we defined our management that included conservative or intervention therapy.

Erratum : Evaluation and reconditioning of donor organs for transplantation through ex vivo lung perfusion.

[This corrects the article doi: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2019AO4288].

Evaluation and reconditioning of donor organs for transplantation through ex vivo lung perfusion.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and impact of ex vivo lung perfusion with hyperoncotic solution (Steen Solution™) in the utilization of these organs in Brazil.

Methods: In this prospective study, we subjected five lungs considered to be high risk for transplantation to 4 hours of ex vivo lung perfusion, with evaluation of oxygenation capacity. High-risk donor lungs were defined by specific criteria, including inflammatory infiltrates, pulmonary edema and partial pressure of arterial oxygen less than 300mmHg (inspired oxygen fraction of 100%).

Effect of hypertonic saline in the pretreatment of lung donors with hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Hemorrhagic shock-induced lung edema and inflammation are two of the main reasons for the rejection of lungs donated for transplantation. Hypertonic saline (HS) induces intravascular volume expansion and has considerable immunomodulating effects that might minimize edema. Our hypothesis is based on the use of a hypertonic solution for treatment of donors who are in shock in an attempt to increase the supply of lungs for transplantation.

Experience of Lung Transplantation in Patients with Lymphangioleiomyomatosis at a Brazilian Reference Centre.

Introduction: Lung transplantation (LT) is the standard of care for patients with advanced lung diseases, including lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). LAM accounts for only 1% of all LTs performed in the international registry. As a result, the global experience, including the use of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors before and after LT in LAM, is still limited.

Histopathological Findings Associated With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Aspiration After Lung Transplantation: Initial Brazilian Single-Center Experience.

Background: Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) and broncho-aspiration (BA) are known to increase the risk for chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). However, specific lung injury mechanisms are not clearly known. The objective of the study was to describe histopathological findings in surveillance lung transbronchial biopsies that can be correlated with episodes of BA in the lung allograft.

Incidence and Mortality by Cancer in Patients After Lung Transplantation in a Brazilian Institution.

Background: The first human lung transplantation was performed by James Hardy in 1963 due to lung cancer. Currently, malignancy has its importance in the follow-up of transplanted patients because cancer risk is higher in this population and the main risk factor for this augmentation is immunosuppression. The most common types of cancer are non-melanoma skin cancer and post-transplantation lymphoproliferative diseases.

Abdominal Complications After Lung Transplantation in a Brazilian Single Center.

Surgical and nonsurgical abdominal complications have been described after lung transplantation. However, there is limited data on this event in this population. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of abdominal complications in patients undergoing lung transplantation at the Heart Institute of the Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP) between the years 2003 and 2016.