Diphtheria toxoid nanoparticles improve learning and memory impairment in animal model of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving memory. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of encapsulated diphtheria toxoid (DT) on behavioral learning impairment, and XBP1 mRNA splicing in AD.

Methods: A DT-loaded nanoparticle (NP) carrier was prepared using the ionic gelation method.