Recurrent chordee in 59 adolescents and young adults following childhood hypospadias repair.

Background: As children transition to adolescence, penile curvature may recur several years, sometimes, decades later. Herein we review our experience with a group of symptomatic patients, their surgical repairs and outcome.

Material & Methods: Reviews were done on the charts of 59 symptomatic adolescents aged 14-21 years who presented with recurrent penile curvature, causing either sexual dysfunction or significant deformity and had undergone surgical correction between 2000 and 2017.

Low-dose Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Stimulation Test as a Prognostic Incontinent Indicator in Boys With Bladder Exstrophy-epispadias Complex.

Objective: To investigate the effect of low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration on structural changes in the lower urinary tract in boys with urinary incontinence in the setting of bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC).

Patients And Methods: We prospectively evaluated 30 patients (median age 7.5 years) with BEEC and randomly divided them into 2 groups.

Safety and Effectiveness of SAF-R, a Novel Patient Positioning Device for Robot-Assisted Pelvic Surgery in Trendelenburg Position.

Purpose: We found current robotic positioning devices to be inadequate and cumbersome. Furthermore, we realized there were no premarket well-designed studies to prove their safety and efficacy. In this prospective pilot study, we aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of a novel patient-positioning device (SAF-R) to secure the patient in Trendelenburg (T-burg) position for robot-assisted pelvic surgery.

Drainage-related ultrasonography (DRUS): a novel technique for discriminating obstructive and nonobstructive hydroureters in children.

Background: Despite advances in urologic imaging, the paucity of an optimal technique that accurately clarifies obstructive and nonobstructive hydroureter exists.

Objective: This study was conducted to introduce a novel and modified ultrasonographic technique, known as drainage-related ultrasonography (DRUS), discriminating obstructive and nonobstructive, nonrefluxing hydroureter.

Materials And Methods: A total of 358 children (mean age, 3.

Bladder reconstruction using scaffold-less autologous smooth muscle cell sheet engineering: early histological outcomes for autoaugmentation cystoplasty.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of a new approach for cystoplasty using autologous smooth muscle cell (SMC) sheet and scaffold-less bladder tissue engineering with the main focus on histological outcomes in a rabbit model.

Materials And Methods: In all, 24 rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. In the experimental group, SMCs were obtained from the bladder muscular layer, labelled with PKH-26, and seeded on temperature-responsive culture dishes.

Mucosa-sparing, KTP laser coagulation of submucosal telangiectatic vessels in patients with radiation-induced cystitis: a novel approach.

Introduction: This study aimed evaluate the safety and feasibility of endoscopic potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser application in the management of patients with radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (RHC).

Technical Considerations: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 20 patients with RHC who underwent endoscopic KTP laser ablation of telangiectatic bladder vessels between October 2005 and January 2013. After initial cystoscopy, KTP laser was used to ablate the submucosal vasculature while preserving the overlying mucosa.

The application of tissue-engineered preputial matrix and fibrin sealant for urethral reconstruction in rabbit model.

Background: To introduce the role of fibrin sealant and preputial acellular matrix (PAM) as a new source of inert collagen matrix for urethral reconstruction.

Methods: A ventral urethral segmental defect was created in 24 male rabbits divided into four groups. In group 1 (G1), urethrotomy was closed in layers.

Anal sphincter repair with muscle progenitor cell transplantation: serial assessment with iron oxide-enhanced MRI.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess homing of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)-labeled muscle progenitor cells in an experimental rabbit model of anal sphincter repair using MRI.

Materials And Methods: Twelve rabbits underwent external anal sphincterotomy and randomly received injection of either autologous muscle progenitor cells labeled with USPIO at a concentration of 4 mg/10(6) cells (experimental group) or saline (control group) at the site of sphincter damage. In vivo MRI, electromyography, and manometry were performed before, 1 hour after, and 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the injection.

Incidental findings at initial imaging workup of patients with prostate cancer: clinical significance and outcomes.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the frequency and clinical relevance of incidental findings in patients with prostate cancer who underwent abdominopelvic contrast-enhanced CT examination for initial staging workup.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 355 initial staging abdominopelvic contrast-enhanced CT examinations conducted from January 2000 to December 2010 in patients with prostate cancer for incidental findings that were not related to prostate cancer. A finding was judged to be potentially significant if therapeutic intervention, additional imaging, or tissue sampling was deemed advisable.

Na(+)-H+ exchange inhibition attenuates ischemic injury in rat random pattern skin flap: the role of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels.

Necrosis of distal portion of skin flaps due to ischemia still remains a problem in plastic surgery. Following ischemia, a cascade of deleterious events including over-activity of Na(+)-H(+) Exchanger (NHE) takes place. In present study we evaluated the effect of the potent NHE inhibitor, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl) amiloride (EIPA) on ischemic tissue injury in a skin flap model, and investigated the role of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channels (K(ATP)) in this phenomenon.

Prostate cancer imaging: what the urologist wants to know.

No consensus exists at present regarding the use of imaging for the evaluation of prostate cancer. Ultrasonography is mainly used for biopsy guidance and magnetic resonance imaging is the mainstay in evaluating the extent of local tumor. Computed tomography and radionuclide bone scanning are mainly reserved for assessment of advanced disease.

Office evaluation of male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) are one of the most common urologic disorders in men. Accurate history-taking and focused physical examination allows us to diagnose the majority of cases. A better understanding of risk factors helps us tailor our treatment and predict outcomes more accurately.

The timing of established detrusor hyperreflexia in a rat model of neuropathic bladder.

Background: Proper timing of catheter insertion and the use of a suitable surgical method are essential parts of producing rat models to evaluate neuropathic bladder following spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: Thirty-two female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into four groups. Group 1 underwent surgical laminectomy using the classic method.

Protective effects of acute lithium preconditioning against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat: role of nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase systems.

Delayed graft function secondary to ischemia/reperfusion injury has been shown to be associated with increased rate of allograft failure following kidney transplantation. Previously, we have shown that chronic lithium pretreatment protects kidney against ischemia/reperfusion injury. In the present study we aimed to examine the effects of acute lithium administration on the renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat.

Safety, efficacy and health related quality of life of autologous myoblast transplantation for treatment of urinary incontinence in children with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex.

Purpose: Children with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex undergoing endourethral autologous myoblast transplantation to treat urinary incontinence were evaluated at 4 years of followup regarding the safety, efficacy and durability of the procedure, and health related quality of life.

Materials And Methods: Seven boys underwent autologous myoblast transplantation between May and December 2006. All patients had persistent urinary incontinence after bladder neck reconstruction and bulking agent injection.

Miniature pyeloplasty as a minimally invasive surgery with less than 1 day admission in infants.

Purpose: Open dismembered pyeloplasty is usually performed through flank, anterior subcostal or posterior lumbotomy incisions. These incisions are cosmetically less acceptable and may produce significant postoperative pain. We present the smallest incision for open pyeloplasty, called a 'miniature pyeloplasty'.

In-vivo autologous bladder muscular wall regeneration: application of tissue-engineered pericardium in a model of bladder as a bioreactor.

Purpose: Tissue-engineered pericardium (TEP) is a collagen-rich matrix that has previously been shown to promote in vivo and in vitro tissue regeneration. We evaluated the potential of TEP as a source for the in-vivo creation of bladder muscular wall grafts. We used bladder wall as a bioreactor to create a natural environment for cellular growth and differentiation.

Chronic lithium administration ameliorates 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats; potential role for adenosine triphosphate sensitive potassium channels.

Background And Aim: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multi-factorial disease with an unknown etiology characterized by oxidative stress, leukocyte infiltration and a rise in inflammatory cytokines. This study was conducted to investigate lithium in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced chronic model of experimental IBD, and the contribution of potassium channels as a possible underlying mechanism.

Methods: Experimental IBD was induced in rats by a single colonic administration of 10 mg of TNBS.

Precise delineation of ureterocele anatomy: virtual magnetic resonance cystoscopy.

Purpose: To evaluate the application of virtual magnetic resonance cystoscopy (VMRC) in precise detection of ureterocele extension compared with conventional cystoscopy (as the gold standard) and other imaging modalities.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of 55 patients, with confirmed diagnosis of ureterocele during endoscopic surgery, were reviewed retrospectively. Thirty-two of them (14 girls and 18 boys, age range: 4-22 months) whom underwent investigation with magnetic resonance urography, voiding cystourethrography, and ultrasonography were included.

Single-stage subsymphyseal cystoscopic-guided bladder neck plication and urethrogenitoplasty in female epispadias: presentation of long-term follow-up.

Objective: • To investigate the feasibility of an endoscopic technique as a guide to evaluate bladder outlet resistance during bladder neck plication (BNP) for treatment of female epispadias.

Patients And Methods: • The postoperative outcomes with long-term follow-up of 10 girls with epispadias were reviewed (four had a previous history of bulking agent injection into the BN). • After taking a skin flap from the area between the crura of the bifid clitoris, subsymphyseal dissection was continued to the BN.

Use of biodegradable plates and screws for approximation of symphysis pubis in bladder exstrophy: applications and outcomes.

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of biodegradable plate and screws for the tension-free internal fixation of the symphysis pubis in patients with bladder exstrophy, with a particular emphasis on pelvic bone changes as seen on 3-dimensional computed tomography.

Methods: A total of 11 children with bladder exstrophy underwent surgical repair with biodegradable plate and screw fixation (mean age 4.13 years).

Functional external anal sphincter reconstruction for treatment of anal incontinence using muscle progenitor cell auto grafting.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of autologous muscle progenitor cell transplantation for anal sphincter regeneration in a rabbit model of anal incontinence. We examined the serial changes in structure, with particular emphasis on histology and functional properties of the anal sphincter.

Methods: External anal sphincterotomy was performed in 21 rabbits; these rabbits were randomly assigned to 2 groups.

Chronic lithium treatment protects the rat kidney against ischemia/reperfusion injury: the role of nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase pathways.

Ischemia/reperfusion injury is a major problem in renal transplantation. Several evidences represent lithium preconditioning effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury in various tissues. In this study our aim was to investigate the protective effect of chronic lithium administration on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Three-dimensional anatomy of the pelvic bone in bladder exstrophy: comparison between patients managed with osteotomy and pubic symphysis internal fixation using metal plates.

Objectives: To compare intrapelvic osseous dimensions in classic bladder exstrophy patients who underwent pelvic osteotomy and pubic symphysis internal fixation, using metal plates without osteotomy by defining intrapelvic angles and distances using three-dimensional computed tomography scan (3D-CT).

Methods: Fourteen exstrophy patients who were operated with osteotomy (OST) and 19 patients who had undergone pubic approximation using metal plates (PLT) were enrolled in this study. 3D-CT was performed to measure 8 intrapelvic angles and 9 distances.

Voltage-dependent calcium channel and NMDA receptor antagonists augment anticonvulsant effects of lithium chloride on pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice.

Although lithium is still a mainstay in the treatment of bipolar disorder, its underlying mechanisms of action have not been completely elucidated. Several studies have shown that lithium can also modulate seizure susceptibility in a variety of models. In the present study, using a model of clonic seizures induced with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in male Swiss mice, we investigated whether there is any interaction between lithium and either calcium channel blockers (CCBs: nifedipine, verapamil, and diltiazem) or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists (ketamine and MK-801) in modulating seizure threshold.