Histopathological patterns of endometrial carcinoma in a tertiary hospital in North-West Nigeria.

Background: There are relatively few studies in Nigeria, and indeed, sub-Saharan Africa that have documented the relative frequencies and histomorphological patterns of endometrial carcinoma. This study aimed to determine the relative frequencies and clinic-epidemiological characteristics of endometrial carcinoma and its histological variants in Kano, North-Western, Nigeria.

Method: A 10-year retrospective study of all endometrial carcinoma cases in the Department of Pathology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano.

Incidental histopathological diagnosis of tonsilar actinomycosis: A report of four cases.

Actinomycosis of the tonsils is uncommon even though the causative organisms are normal commensal of the oropharyngeal tract that may colonise the tonsillar crypts with resultant infection in apparently healthy individuals. Diagnosis is often incidental in tonsillectomy specimens sent to the pathology laboratory for varied diseases. This is a 10-year study of tonsillectomy specimens diagnosed with actinomycosis.

Giant Ameloblastoma and the Risk of Recurrence: Experiences from a Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Ameloblastoma is an aggressive tumor of odontogenic epithelium that grows slowly with propensity for bone expansion. Sometimes it may grow to very large sizes also known as giant ameloblastoma (GA) which may affect function and even pose a threat to life.

Objective: To present the pattern of presentation of GAs seen in a tertiary centre in Northern Nigeria.

Giant Aggressive Odontogenic Fibroma in a 15-month-old Female: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Odontogenic fibroma (OF) is a rare benign tumor of mesenchymal odontogenic tissue with variable global incidence. Two variants comprising extraosseous /peripheral (POF) and intraosseous /central (COF) have been identified based on the anatomical origin of the tumor. OF isslow growing, and often asymptomatic with characteristic radiographic appearance of a unilocular or multilocular cyst frequently associated with unerupted or displaced teeth while histologically, varying amount of inactive odontogenic epithelium embedded in a mature relatively dense collagenous stroma is diagnostic.

Beta-cell dysfunction and abnormal glucose metabolism among non-diabetic women with recurrent miscarriages.

Background: Subclinical beta-cell (β-cell) dysfunction is an endocrine abnormality and its association with recurrent miscarriages (RM) has not been extensively studied.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of β-cell dysfunction and abnormal glucose metabolism [fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥ 5.1 mmol/L] among non-diabetic women with recurrent miscarriages and to establish if there was an association between RM and β-cell dysfunction and FBG ≥ 5.

Lateral Proboscis (Elephant Tusk) with Orofacial Clefts: A Report of a Rare Case.

Lateral proboscis is a rare congenital anomaly. Lateral proboscis is a rare craniofacial malformation characterized by a rudimentary tubular, nose-like structure occurring in association with a wide spectrum of other anomalies. We presented a seven-month-old girl's lateral proboscis, cleft lip, and palate.

Histopathological pattern of thyroid diseases in Zaria: A 10-year review.

Context: Majority of the previous studies on thyroid diseases in Northern Nigeria focussed mainly on neoplastic lesions. The non-neoplastic lesions are more common and constitute more public health burdens.

Aim: To determine the histopathological pattern of thyroid diseases in our region and compare our findings with similar studies in Nigeria and elsewhere.

Concurrent giant tumoral pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia necessitating bilateral mastectomy.

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is an uncommon benign mesenchymal tumor of the breast. Majority occur as diffuse lesions, and diagnosis is often incidental or in a background of other breast pathologies. Bilaterality with multiple tumoral masses in giant breasts is a rarity.

Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma in an Adolescent with Sickle Cell Anaemia.

Malignancies have been reported to occur in people with sickle cell disease. Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC), also tagged seventh sickle cell nephropathy, is an aggressive cancer seen almost exclusively in people with sickle cell disease with more than 160 cases reported worldwide, but only few cases were reported in patients with sickle cell anaemia (HBSS) and from Nigeria. Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma is a renal tumour of any histologic variant containing foci of high-grade malignant spindle cells.

Sensitivity of Computed Tomography-guided Transthoracic Biopsies in a Nigerian Tertiary Institution.

Introduction: The indications for open biopsies for intrathoracic lesions have become almost negligible. This development was made possible by less invasive maneuvers such as computed tomography-guided (CT-guided) biopsy, thoracoscopy or video-assisted thoracoscopy, and bronchoscopy. CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy was first reported in 1976.

Primary oral soft tissue angiosarcoma of the cheek: a case report and literature review.

Angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor that has a poor prognosis. It represents less than 1% of all malignancies occurring in the oral cavity and salivary glands. We present a 35-year-old male with angiosarcoma of the cheek following traumatic injury and a review of the current literature.

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis: incidental diagnosis at surgery.

Ovarian vein thrombosis is a rare clinical entity that may present in the puerperium. We report the clinical outcomes of two cases of postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis, incidentally diagnosed at laparotomy in 16-year-old and 23-year-old females. They had preoperative diagnosis of torsion tuboovarian mass and twisted pedunculated uterine fibroid, respectively.

Pattern of paediatric solid cancers seen in radiotherapy and oncology department, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria - Nigeria.

Unlabelled: Summary

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the Pattern of Paediatric solid cancers seen over 5 years in the Radiotherapy and Oncology Department of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria-Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: The study involved patients aged 16 years and below diagnosed with solid cancers referred to the Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre for further management. Between January 2006 and December 2010, a total of 136 new patients with paediatric solid cancers were seen and evaluated.

Clinico-pathologic characterisation of metastatic prostate cancer in the Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria-Nigeria: 2006-2009.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the Clinico-pathologic Characteristics of Metastatic prostate cancer patients seen in the Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2009, a period of 4 years, 72 new patients with prostate cancers were seen of which 43 patients had distant metastases. Only patients with histologic confirmation of prostate cancer and having metastases were included in the study irrespective of age, co-morbidity and performance status.

Pattern of oncologic emergencies seen in adult cancer patients attending the Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria - Nigeria.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the Pattern of Oncologic Emergencies seen in Adult cancer patients and the treatment modalities used.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2004 and December 2008, a total of 1824 (M:F = 1:1.8) new patients were seen.

Reconstruction of the chest wall after excision of a giant malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

Primary chest wall tumors are uncommon and constitute 0.2-2% of all tumors. Metastatic tumors and tumors of local extension are more common.

Renal metastasis from prostate adenocarcinoma: a potential diagnostic pitfall.

Renal metastasis from prostatic origin is an uncommon event. Advanced prostate cancer locally invades the seminal vesicles, bladder and regional lymph nodes. Other metastatic sites are the lung, bone and other visceral organs.

Comparative study of visual inspection of the cervix using acetic acid (VIA) and Papanicolaou (Pap) smears for cervical cancer screening.

Unlabelled: This article is a comparative study of two screening methods for pre-invasive lesions of the cervix. The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear, an old and tested screening method, is compared with the findings from visual inspection of the cervix following acetic acid (VIA) wash. VIA is a new screening method being advocated by the World Health Organization as an alternative to Pap smear in low-resource settings.

The role of hospital-based cancer registries in low and middle income countries-The Nigerian Case Study.

Background: The incidence of cancer continues to rise all over the world and current projections show that there will be 1.27 million new cases and almost 1 million deaths by 2030. In view of the rising incidence of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, urgent steps are needed to guide appropriate policy, health sector investment and resource allocation.

Lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma in an immunocompetent adult.

Kaposi's sarcomas (KS) are vascular lesions which usually originate from multiple sites in the mid-dermis extending to the dermis. The aetiology is unknown, but infection from human herpes virus type 8 has been suggested. Several reports of KS had come from Africa initially and from worldwide later due to the close association with HIV/AIDS.

Cutaneous umbilical metastases in post-menopausal females with gynaecological malignancies.

Gynaecological malignancies frequently metastasize to contiguous structures, internal organs and bones. Cutaneous metastasis as a primary or recurrent presentation of these malignancies is rare and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. A twenty year (1991-2010) retrospective search for umbilical metastasis from gynaecological malignancies in our departmental case records showed only four cases.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis.

Background: The increasing prevalence of extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis with the HIV scourge is a cause for concern.

Objective: To determine the role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Patients And Methods: This is a consecutive 9-year analysis of patients with peripheral lymphadenopathy.

Yolk sac tumour of the penile shaft: a rare primary extra-gonadal presentation.

Germ cell tumours (GCTs) commonly involve the ovaries, testes, and other midline structures in children and adolescents and comprised a variety of tumours that have a common histiogenetic origin. The yolk sac tumour (YST) variant is the most common one seen in over 80% of testicular GCTs in children. Other sites of occurrence of these tumours include the mediastinum, prostate, retroperitoneum, and sacrococcygeal region.

Cutaneous manifestations of deep mycosis: an experience in a tropical pathology laboratory.

Background: Cutaneous manifestations of deep mycotic infection are fraught with delayed or misdiagnosis from mainly cutaneous neoplastic lesions.

Aim: This study is designed to present our experience of these mycoses in a pathology laboratory in the tropics.

Materials And Methods: A clinicopathologic analysis of deep mycotic infections was conducted over a 15 years period Formalin fixed and paraffin wax processed biopsies were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff (PAS), and Grocott's methenamine silver (GMS) for the identification of fungus specie.