Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use Among Individuals Receiving Prescription Opioids for Pain Management.

Objective: Substance use among individuals receiving prescription opioids for pain may be associated with poorer functioning. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the use of substances (ie, alcohol, marijuana, or tobacco) among individuals prescribed opioids for pain management was associated with pain, psychiatric disorders, and opioid misuse.

Methods: Patients with non-cancer pain and a new opioid prescription were recruited from 2 health systems.