The development of English language connected speech perception skills: an empirical study on Chinese EFL children.

Connected speech processes (CSPs) occur randomly in everyday conversations of native speakers; however, such phonological variations can bring about challenges for non-native listeners. Looking at CSP literature, there seems to be very few studies that involved young foreign language learners. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the development of connected speech perception skills by focusing on 201 9- to 12-year-old Chinese EFL children.

A systematic review of studies on connected speech processing: Trends, key findings, and implications.

Connected speech processing (CSP) is of great significance to individuals' language and cognitive development. It is particularly crucial not only for clinical detection and treatment of developmental disorders, but also for the Foreign/second language teaching instructions. However, given the importance of this field, there is a clear lack of systematic reviews that summarize the key findings of previous studies.

Experiences of stress appraisal in hemodialysis patients: A theory-guided qualitative content analysis.

Chronic renal failure and prolonged hospitalization for the treatment of renal disease incur immense stress and anxiety in patients. Considering the increased prevalence of renal failure, the present study aimed to explain the experiences of stress assessment in hemodialysis (HD) patients based on the transactional model of Lazarus and Folkman. The data collection method was semi-structured interview with 22 patients from dialysis centers in Tehran.

Effectiveness of interventions based on lazarus and folkman transactional model on improving stress appraisal for hemodialysis patients in Tehran.

Today, we witness an increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease, which is a very stressful process. In order to cope with the stress caused by this disease, the first step is to appraise the stressful situation correctly. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of training on the basis of Lazarus and Folkman transactional model on stress appraisal for hemodialysis (HD) patients.

What Are the Hemodialysis Patients' Style in Coping with Stress? A Directed Content Analysis.

Background: Nowadays, the prevalence of chronic diseases, such as chronic renal failure, is rising. These patients need hemodialysis to continue their treatment, which is a stressful process. This research was conducted with the purpose of explaining coping styles in hemodialysis patients regarding stress factors based on the Lazarus and Folkman's transactional model.

Cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity ameliorate by treatment: An experimental study.

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most invasive chemotherapeutic agents, which used commonly despite of its wide spectrum toxicity. Clinical evidence showed toxic side effects of CP in multiple organ systems.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of on CP-induced testicular toxicity in rats.

Flavonoids Fraction of Mespilus Germanica Alleviates Insulin Resistance in Metabolic Syndrome Model of Ovariectomized Rats via Reduction in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α.

Objectives: The rate of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in women diagnosed as they age is one of the main concerns of health cares. Recently new strategies used to prevent progressions of MetS toward the diagnosis of diabetes have focused on plant flavonoids. This study was aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of flavonoids fraction of () on MetS in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.

Effects of exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on spatial and passive avoidance learning and memory, anxiety-like behavior and oxidative stress in male rats.

There are many controversies about the safety of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on body health and cognitive performance. In the present study, we explored the effects of ELF-EMF on oxidative stress and behaviors of rats. Seventy-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into following groups, control, sham exposure group and the ELF-EMF exposure groups (1 μT, 100 μT, 500 μT, and 2000 μT).

Huge Renal Hydatid Cyst-an Unusual Presentation: A Case Report.

Isolated renal hydatid cyst is a rare entity accounting for only 2-4% of cases. A 60-year-old male presented to our clinic complaining of pain in right flank. He had a history of eating raw sheep liver.

Long-Term Follow-up After Right Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy and Inverted Kidney Transplant.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term outcomes of inverted kidney transplant, an alternative easy and safe technique to overcome difficulties associated with short right renal vein anastomosis after laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-nine laparoscopic donor nephrectomies and intentionally inverted renal transplants were performed between 2004 and 2009. For these transplants, the renal artery was ligated by Hem-o-lok (Weck Surgical Instruments, Teleflex Medical, Durham, NC, USA) and titanium clips, and the vein was closed with 2 Hem-o-lok clips, resulting in a short renal vein.

The Effects of Chlorpromazine on Reproductive System and Function in Female Rats.

Background: Chlorpromazine (CPZ), an antipsychotic drug, is associated with increased risk of sexual dysfunction through increasing prolactin levels. The current study evaluates the effect of CPZ-induced hyperprolactinemia on ovarian follicular growth, gonadotropins, and alteration of ovarian source hormones.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, animals were divided into four groups, control and CPZ (n=8 per group).

Chlorpromazine-Induced Hyperprolactinemia on Rat's Uterus.

Background: Hyperprolactinemia is a common side effect of antipsychotic drugs that requires further investigation. The current study was designed to evaluate dose-dependent effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on hormonal changes and uterine horn histological structure in rats. Moreover, the mammary glands were analyzed to show hyperprolactinemia-induced histological changes.

Preventive Effects of Aqueous Extract of Berberis integerrima Bge. Root on Liver Injury Induced by Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1) in Rats.

This study was conducted to assessthe preventive effect of aqueous extract of Berberis integerrima Bge. root (AEBIR) on liver damage and oxidative stress induced by diabetes mellitus in rats. Forty male rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: 1- normal (N); 2- normal + barberry (N+B) (they received barberry root extract for 6 weeks); 3- diabetic (D) (they received Streptozotocin (STZ), 65 mg/Kg BW /i.

Pediatric kidney transplant with laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Objectives: To evaluate outcomes and complications with pediatric living-donor kidney transplant, mostly performed with laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: In the 25 years between February 1987 and December 2012, there were 493 children aged ≤ 17 years who received a kidney transplant. Demographic characteristics, graft and patient survival, rejection episodes, and complications were recorded.

Sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemia in mature female rats: evidence for alterations in the reproductive system, pituitary and ovarian hormones.

Background: The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia following administration of conven- tional antipsychotic drugs requires further investigation. The current study is designed to evaluate the effect of sulpiride (SPD)-induced hyperprolactinemia on alterations to ovarian follicular growth, gonadotropins, and ovarian hormones and to analyze the extent of potential problems in mammary glands.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (no treatment), control-sham (0.

Survival of patients with prostate cancer in Yazd, Iran.

Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Several factors such as availability of screening tests, and dietary, other lifestyle, environmental and genetic influences contribute to worldwide disparities in prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates. Our aims were to investigate patient characteristics at the time of diagnosis, common treatment strategies employed and survival in an Iranian male population with prostate cancer.

Mini-laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy: initial series.

Purpose: To present the safety and surgical outcomes of the initial series of mini-laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy and graft outcomes in related recipients.

Materials And Methods: From January 2012 through July 2012, fifty patients underwent minilaparoscopic live donor nephrectomy. Two 3.

A new pharmacological role for donepezil: attenuation of morphine-induced tolerance and apoptosis in rat central nervous system.

Background: Tolerance to the analgesic effect of opioids is a pharmacological phenomenon that occurs after their prolonged administration. It has been shown that morphine-induced tolerance is associated with apoptosis in the central nervous system and neuroprotective agents which prevented apoptosis signaling could attenuate tolerance to the analgesic effects. On the other hand donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, has been reported to have neuroprotective effects.

The long-term effects of neonatal morphine administration on the pentylenetetrazol seizure model in rats: the role of hippocampal cholinergic receptors in adulthood.

Early life exposure to opiates may affect neuropathological conditions, such as epilepsy, during adulthood. We investigated whether neonatal morphine exposure affects pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures in adulthood. Male rats were subcutaneously injected with morphine or saline on postnatal days 8-14.

Increased expression of transforming growth factor-β and receptors in primary human airway fibroblasts from chemical inhalation patients.

The widespread use of sulfur mustard (SM) as a chemical warfare agent in the past century has proved its long-lasting toxic effects. Despite a lot of research over the past decades on Iranian veterans, there are still major gaps in the SM literature. Transforming growth factor (TGF-β), a cytokine that affects many different cell processes, has an important role in the lungs of patients with some of chronic airway diseases, especially with respect to airway remodeling in mustard lung.

Beneficial effects of american ginseng on epididymal sperm analyses in cyclophosphamide treated rats.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of American ginseng administered by gastric intubation on sperm vital quality in adult male rats treated with cyclophosphamide (CP).

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, 28 Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups, seven rats in each. The animals allocated to control, CP treated, Ginseng treated and CP-Ginseng treated groups.

The effect of dorsal hippocampal administration of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced generalized seizures in rats.

In the present study, the effects of intrahippocampal injections of cholinergic ligands on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures were investigated in rats. The rats were assigned to 1 of the following 9 groups: saline, nicotine (0.5 or 1 μg), atropine (0.

Melatonin improves spatial navigation memory in male diabetic rats.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of melatonin as an antioxidant on spatial navigation memory in male diabetic rats. Thirty-two male white Wistar rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were divided into four groups, randomly: control, melatonin, diabetic and melatonin-treated diabetic. Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg kg(-1) streptozotocin.

The lunar cycle: effects of full moon on renal colic.

Purpose: To evaluate renal colic frequency in different seasons and around full moon.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1481 patients with renal colic were studied retrospectively addressing days of a month both in solar and lunar calendar.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 57 ± 13 years.

Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testis tumors: the first case series in Iran.

Purpose: To report laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) as an approach for management of low-stage nonseminomatous germ cell testis tumors (NSGCT).

Materials And Methods: Between August 2002 and December 2008, 19 patients with stage I NSGCT underwent RPLND in our center.

Results: Mean operation time was 340 minutes (range, 250 to 360 minutes).