Copper is an earth-abundant and a biologically essential metal that offers a promising alternative to noble metals in photochemistry and photobiology. In this work, a series of sterically encumbered Cu(i) bis-phenanthroline complexes were investigated for their use in photochemotherapy (PCT). It was found that Cu(dsbtmp)2+ [dsbtmp = 2,9-disec-butyl-3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline] (compound 3), which possessed the longest excited state lifetime, exhibited significant in vitro photocytotoxicity on A375 (human malignant melanoma) and A549 (human lung carcinoma) cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo improve the potential of curcumin to treat advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer, three series (A-C) of heteroaromatic analogs (thirty two compounds) with different monoketone linkers have been synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against two human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and DU-145). Among them, thirty analogs are more potent than curcumin against PC-3 cells, and twenty one analogs are more cytotoxic towards DU-145 cells relative to curcumin. The most potent compounds (44, 45, 51, and 52) also showed impressive cytotoxicity against three other metastatic cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HeLa, and A549), with IC50 values ranging from 50 nM to 390 nM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpurities in drug substances and drug products have been important regulatory issues in the Office of Generic Drugs by having significant impact on the approvability of Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDAs). This review begins with a discussion of ANDAs and its similarity/differences with NDAs, highlighting the importance of control of pharmaceutical impurities in generic drug product development and regulatory assessment. An overview of the FDA draft guidance documents "ANDAs: Impurities in Drug Substances" and "ANDAs: Impurities in Drug Products" are provided.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study reports a six year experience with quinagolide (CV205-502) in the treatment of 40 patients with hyperprolactinemia or prolactinoma.
Patients And Measurements: Forty patients with hyperprolactinemia were treated with quinagolide (CV 205-502, Norprolac) for 2-72 months (mean 31.6 months).
Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare and aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. Adjuvant mitotane administration has been suggested as a strategy that might improve the outcome of patients with localized disease.
Methods: The authors analyzed the clinical outcome of patients with localized or regional adrenocortical cancer.
Background: The prognostic significance and optimal care of children with differentiated thyroid cancer and pulmonary metastases are not well established.
Methods: Of 209 patients younger than 25 years of age who were treated at University of Texas M. D.
Diagn Cytopathol
July 1993
To determine the diagnostic pitfalls of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA), we reviewed 394 thyroid aspirates obtained between January 1986 and December 1990. Surgical follow-up was available for 150 aspirations. The cytologic diagnoses were categorized into four groups: benign, 57; indeterminate, 51; malignant, 33; and nondiagnostic specimen, nine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study analyzed the impact of prognostic variables of age, sex, histopathological diagnosis, extent of disease at diagnosis, and surgical intervention on well differentiated thyroid carcinoma and how surgical treatment, radioactive iodine, and radiotherapy influence the patients' outcomes. There have been 1599 patients with well differentiated thyroid cancer treated and followed at the University of Texas M.D.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Nb2 rat lymphoma bioassay (BA) for prolactin (PRL) was performed in 26 subjects with hyperprolactinemia, 17 of whom had radiologic evidence of a pituitary adenoma. All subjects were treated with the long acting dopamine agonist CV 205-502. The radioimmunoassay (RIA) PRL significantly decreased with treatment but the BA/RIA PRL remained essentially the same, indicating that the relative bioactivity was unaffected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPituitary adenomas arise from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and may secrete, in poorly controlled fashion, one or more of the hormones normally produced at this site, leading to specific endocrine syndromes. Pituitary tumors may also compress or invade adjacent structures, and the function of the normal pituitary may be compromised when a sellar mass exerts pressure on the stalk or on the gland itself. Advances in radiologic imaging and in microsurgical apparatus have made pituitary tumors more amenable to treatment, with surgery the treatment of choice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince the TT human medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line required fewer exogenous growth factors (serum), we investigated whether this line has an autocrine mechanism by examining the effects of antibodies directed toward insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and its receptor on TT cell growth in serum-free conditions. Treating cells with anti-IGF-I antibody for four days reduced the cell number by more than 50% compared with a nonimmune IgG control. Furthermore, a monoclonal antibody to the IGF-I receptor suppressed DNA synthesis when determined by a [3H]thymidine incorporation assay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe potential role of paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome (CS) was assessed on the clinical course of patients with small cell lung cancer. A retrospective comparison was done of complications and survival rates according to the presence or absence of CS in patients with small cell lung cancer who died within 90 days of initial administration of chemotherapy. The setting was a comprehensive cancer center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute suppurative thyroiditis of any origin is uncommon, but fungal infections of the gland are particularly rare. Haematogenous spread is the usual route of infection. We here present the case of a recently encountered patient with neutropenic fever and Candida thyroiditis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThyroglossal cysts are common developmental abnormalities of the thyroid gland. The malignant form of these cysts, however, is extremely rare, with fewer than 100 cases reported since 1915. Here we add 10 cases of malignant thyroglossal cysts, nine women and one man, encountered at M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 3-week-old girl who was born with club feet had signs of failure to thrive. On physical examination the child appeared normal; she had no abnormalities in the mucous membranes of the mouth, the eyelids, or in the neck, and her other systems, including heart, chest, abdomen, and neurologic systems, were clinically normal. Radiologically, the gastrointestinal tract was normal, but rectal biopsy showed neuromas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo study the histogenesis of and determine the most useful markers for diagnosing anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), 32 cases, including 2 with numerous osteoclast-like cells, were stained with a battery of antibodies to epithelial (keratin, epithelial membrane antigen [EMA], carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]), mesenchymal (vimentin, desmin, muscle-specific actin [MSA], Factor VIII-related antigen [FVIII:RAg]), endocrine (thyroglobulin, calcitonin, chromogranin [Cg]), lymphocytic (leukocyte common antigen [LCA]), histiocytic (alpha-1-antitrypsin [alpha 1AT], alpha-1-antichymotrypsin [alpha 1AChy], KP1), melanocytic (HMB-45), and Schwann cell (S-100 protein) markers. Five tumors were associated with papillary carcinoma. In one of these cases, a morphologic continuum between the well-differentiated carcinoma and the ATC was visualized by their positive immunostaining for both vimentin and keratin, thus supporting the hypothesis that the latter tumor originated from the former.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a cancer that is relatively insensitive to clinical chemotherapy. Our previous studies have demonstrated that an established human MTC cell line, TT, seems to possess an intrinsic resistance phenotype when tested for its chemosensitivity to multiple antineoplastic agents. We now report our investigation on the potential mechanisms responsible for the chemoresistance of TT cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe association of parathyroid adenoma and antecedent events or relationships was examined retrospectively in 103 patients with parathyroid adenoma drawn from a cancer institute patient population. Patients were divided into two study groups by the referral pattern-intramural or community. The major contrast between the two groups was that the intramural patients had cancer diagnoses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Obstet Gynecol
December 1990
We measured insulin-like growth factor II and nonsuppressible insulin-like activity levels in the sera of newborn infants with different birth weights and gestational ages to determine the significance of these peptides in fetal growth. Our results obtained by use of one-way analysis of variance showed that the insulin-like growth factor II and nonsuppressible insulin-like activity levels in premature, average-weight-for-gestational-age, large-for-gestational-age, and small-for-gestational-age newborns were significantly different (p less than 0.01).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSixty-one patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma were investigated to establish relationships between the neoplasm's DNA content, other clinicopathologic factors, and patient survival (at least 5 years' follow-up). There were 26 (42.6%) familial and 35 (57.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn extract of a pancreatic carcinoid tumor obtained at autopsy from a patient who had suffered from Cushing's syndrome was found to have the ability to release thyrotropin (but not any other pituitary hormones) from cultured rat anterior pituitary cells, and to bind to a specific thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) antiserum. The tumor contained 2.2 and 3.
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