Metformin reduces arterial stiffness and improves endothelial function in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Context: Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased prevalence of insulin resistance and display subclinical evidence of early cardiovascular disease. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity and circulating markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with PCOS, but it is unclear whether this translates into improvements in vascular function.

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the effects of metformin on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in women with PCOS.

Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone replacement on vascular function in primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency: a randomized crossover trial.

Context: Patients with Addison's disease and hypopituitarism have increased mortality, chiefly related to vascular disease. Both diseases are characterized by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) deficiency, yet this is not usually corrected. It is unclear whether treatment of these conditions with DHEA improves cardiovascular risk.