Publications by authors named "Sam Crawshaw"
Unlabelled: The cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 2b protein is a potent counter-defense factor and symptom determinant that inhibits antiviral silencing by titrating short double-stranded RNAs. Expression of the CMV subgroup IA strain Fny-CMV 2b protein in transgenic plants disrupts microRNA-mediated cleavage of host mRNAs by binding Argonaute 1 (AGO1), leading to symptom-like phenotypes. This also triggers AGO2-mediated antiviral resistance and resistance to CMV's aphid vectors.
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- The cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 2b protein acts as a suppressor of plant defenses by inhibiting the RNA silencing factor Argonaute 1 (AGO1), which can lead to increased antiviral defenses if this inhibition is excessive.
- The CMV 1a protein moderates the effects of the 2b protein by sequestering it into P-bodies, thereby preventing too much inhibition of AGO1, which is crucial for CMV replication and its transmission by aphids.
- Recent studies using fluorescent protein fusions revealed that specific regions of the 2b protein influence its interaction with AGO1 and the 1a protein, but no single point mutation explains these interactions, highlighting the potential role of intrinsic
Article Synopsis
- - The study explored the presence of Phaseolus vulgaris endornaviruses (PvEV) in common bean varieties popular in East Africa, revealing that several varieties were infected with these persistent viruses which may enhance plant resilience.
- - Out of 26 bean varieties tested, infections were found in multiple combinations, including the first identification of PvEV3 in African common bean, confirming and sequencing the virus genomes in two selected varieties.
- - Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the distribution of these viruses doesn’t correspond to genetic similarity among the bean varieties, leading to the suggestion that future research is needed to assess the potential beneficial roles of these viruses in agriculture.
Article Synopsis
- The cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 2b protein acts as a viral suppressor of RNA silencing, hindering host defenses by targeting key components like AGO1 and influencing host gene regulation.
- In Arabidopsis thaliana, inhibiting AGO1 entirely is counterproductive for CMV as it activates another defense mechanism involving AGO2 and increases resistance to aphid vectors.
- Research shows that the CMV 1a protein interacts with 2b, sequestering it in P-bodies to reduce its availability for AGO1, thereby alleviating symptoms while still allowing 2b to perform certain functions in silencing.