Osteoporosis, vertebral fractures and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.

Background: The combined effect of the metabolic syndrome (MS) risk factors on bone health has led to controversial results and it is still not clear whether this effect is protective or detrimental. The study aimed to examine the association between MS and bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, and vertebral fractures (VFs) among ambulatory older postmenopausal women.

Methods: 270 post-menopausal women with a mean age of 61.