Esketamine Treatment Trajectory of Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression in the Mid and Long-Term Run: Data from REAL-ESK Study Group.

Introduction/objective: Data on long-term treatment with Esketamine Nasal Spray (ESKNS) in real-world patients with treatment resistant depression (TRD) is scarce. The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of ESK-NS treatment at 6 and 12-month follow-ups.

Methods: This is part of an observational, retrospective, multicentric Italian study (REAL-ESK study).

Bidirectional histone monoaminylation dynamics regulate neural rhythmicity.

Histone H3 monoaminylations at Gln5 represent an important family of epigenetic marks in brain that have critical roles in permissive gene expression. We previously demonstrated that serotonylation and dopaminylation of Gln5 of histone H3 (H3Q5ser and H3Q5dop, respectively) are catalysed by transglutaminase 2 (TG2), and alter both local and global chromatin states. Here we found that TG2 additionally functions as an eraser and exchanger of H3 monoaminylations, including H3Q5 histaminylation (H3Q5his), which displays diurnally rhythmic expression in brain and contributes to circadian gene expression and behaviour.

Advantages of using a TorqVue LP catheter for patent arterial duct stenting in newborn with a duct-dependent pulmunary circulation: a case report.

Almost 20% of children with simple or complex types of CHD have a duct-dependent circulation The systemic-to-pulmonary shunt can be performed surgically, e.g., Blalock-Taussing shunt or with a patent duct arteriosus stenting.

Elevated mortality risks associated with late diagnosis of cancer in individuals with psychiatric disorders?

Introduction: Considering the elevated cancer mortality in individuals with psychiatric conditions, possibly associated with late diagnosis, this study investigated cancer screening participation rates among patients under the care of four Trieste community mental health centers (CMHCs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 1252 individuals with psychiatric disorders, retrieving their electronic health records up to December 2019. The study assessed participation rates in breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening programs.

Crocodile Skin Retinal Appearance: Miliary Distribution of Bilateral Idiopathic Multifocal Retinal Pigment Epithelial Detachments.

This report presents cases of an unusual appearance of bilateral idiopathic multifocal retinal pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) in three patients, using multimodal imaging. Three patients with multiple PEDs, initially diagnosed as drusen, were referred for evaluation. They underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination and multimodal imaging.

Heart transplantation in juvenile-onset systemic sclerosis with primary cardiac involvement: report of two cases and comprehensive literature review.

Juvenile onset systemic sclerosis is a rare chronic multisystem connective tissue disease characterized by skin induration, microangiopathy, autoimmune disturbances and widespread fibrosis of internal organs. Primary cardiac involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is associated with a variable phenotype, including heart failure and arrhythmias, which lead to poor short-term prognosis. Isolated heart transplantation is a rare approach for the treatment of advanced heart failure in patients with systemic sclerosis.

The impact of dominant ventricle morphology and additional ventricular chamber size on clinical outcomes in patients with Fontan circulation.

Objectives: The functional roles of ventricular dominance and additional ventricular chamber after Fontan operation are still uncertain. We aim to assess and correlate such anatomical features to late clinical outcomes.

Methods: Fontan patients undergoing cardiac MRI and cardiopulmonary exercise test between January 2020 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.

The Sub-Pulmonary Left Ventricle in Patients with Systemic Right Ventricle, the Paradoxical Neglected Chamber: A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking Study.

: The impact of subpulmonary left ventricle (LV) dysfunction in patients with a systemic right ventricle (SRV) is insufficiently characterized, with only a few studies suggesting its prognostic significance. Additionally, its evaluation through imaging techniques is a challenge. To assess the correlation between quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance-feature tracking (CMR-FT) data and the risk of clinical events related to the natural history of SRV failure.

From the Bio-Psycho-Social Model to the Development of a Clinical-Forensic Assessment Tool for Chronic Pain in Victims of Violence: A Research Protocol.

Violence against women impacts a minimum of 35% of the global female population, encompassing sexual, physical, and psychological forms. Perpetrators of this violence include partners, family members, or strangers. Its ramifications are substantial, evident in the prevalence of chronic pain reported by between 48% and 84% of women who have experienced abuse, with an odds ratio of 2.

Transforming Heart Failure Management: The Power of Strain Imaging, 3D Imaging, and Vortex Analysis in Echocardiography.

Heart failure (HF) remains a critical global health challenge, necessitating advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This review explores the evolution of imaging technologies and their impact on HF management, focusing on three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE), myocardial strain imaging, and vortex dynamics imaging. Three-dimensional echocardiography enhances traditional echocardiography by providing more accurate assessments of cardiac structures, while myocardial strain imaging offers the early detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction, crucial in conditions such as chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and ischemic heart disease.

Stress Echocardiography in the Follow-Up of Young Patients with Repaired Aortic Coarctation.

Aortic coarctation (CoA) is a congenital heart disease affecting 5-8% of patients, with long-term complications persisting despite successful correction. Stress echocardiography (SE) is increasingly used for evaluating cardiac function under stress, yet its role in repaired CoA remains under-explored. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of SE and myocardial strain in repaired CoA patients with a history of hypertension without significant gradients or with borderline gradients at rest.

How effective is disopyramide in treating pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? State of the art and future directions.

Pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has a wide range of clinical manifestations. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) at rest is present in up to one-third of children with HCM, with a further 50-60% of symptomatic children developing a gradient under exertion. Treatment options are limited, and there is a relative lack of data on the pediatric population.

Postoperative Outcomes of Fontan Operation in a Multicenter Italian Study. How Far Have We Gone? Early Outcomes After Fontan Operation.

Despite the clinical results of the Fontan operation have certainly improved, it still presents with an inherent surgical risk of death and early morbidities. This is a retrospective clinical study of children undergoing Fontan operation in 9 congenital cardiac centers in Italy between 1990 and 2023. Clinical and surgical data were collected via a dedicated RedCap database.

NeuroART: Real-Time Analysis and Targeting of Neuronal Population Activity during Calcium Imaging for Informed Closed-Loop Experiments.

Two-photon calcium imaging allows for the activity readout of large populations of neurons at single cell resolution in living organisms, yielding new insights into how the brain processes information. Holographic optogenetics allows us to trigger activity of this population directly, raising the possibility of injecting information into a living brain. Optogenetic triggering of activity that mimics "natural" information, however, requires identification of stimulation targets based on real-time analysis of the functional network.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Disease Activity Monitoring to Personalized Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatment: A Feasibility Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of a disease activity (DA) model developed to detect DA in participants with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Design: Post hoc analysis.

Participants: Patient dataset from the phase III HAWK and HARRIER (H&H) studies.

Changes of intracardiac flow dynamics measured by HyperDoppler in patients with aortic stenosis.

Aims: Assessment of intracardiac flow dynamics has recently acquired significance due to the development of new measurement methods based on echocardiography. Recent studies have demonstrated that cardiac abnormalities are associated with changes in intracardiac vortical flows. Yet, no previous study assessed the impact of aortic stenosis (AS) on intracardiac vortices.

Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy of the Atrial Flow Regulator in Pediatric Patients: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: The Atrial Flow Regulator (AFR; Occlutech) can be used to create interatrial communication with a predetermined diameter in various pathophysiological settings. In the pediatric population, the experience is limited to a few case reports. We aim to report the initial single-center experience of AFR implantation in children with congenital and acquired heart disease.

Standardized diagnostic reference levels for paediatric interventional cardiology: Data from an Italian referral centre.

Purpose: To provide data on radiation exposure in paediatric interventional cardiology procedures, addressing the scarcity of valuable Local Diagnostic Reference Levels (LDRLs),established according to the standardized approach proposed by the Radiation Protection 185 report (RP185).

Methods: Paediatric catheterization procedures conducted at the University-Hospital of Padua from September 2019 to December 2022 were stratified by body weight (BW) classes and procedure type. LDRLs were calculated for groups with at least 20 patients as the 75th percentile of Kerma-Area Product (P) and Air Kerma at reference point (K) values.

Importance of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Applied to Congenital Heart Diseases in Pediatric Age: A Narrative Review.

Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) represent a heterogeneous group of congenital defects, with high prevalence worldwide. Non-invasive imaging is essential to guide medical and surgical planning, to follow the patient over time in the evolution of the disease, and to reveal potential complications of the chosen treatment. The application of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in this population allows for obtaining detailed information on the defects without the necessity of ionizing radiations.