Publications by authors named "Salvia R"

Objective: To validate the ISGPS complexity grading system for minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD).

Background: Although concerns about patient safety persist, MIPD is gaining popularity. The ISGPS recently introduced a difficulty grading system to improve patient selection by aligning procedural complexity with surgeon and center expertise.

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Objective: Ampullary neoplastic lesions can be resected by endoscopic papillectomy (EP) or transduodenal surgical ampullectomy (TSA) while pancreaticoduodenectomy is reserved for more advanced lesions. We present the largest retrospective comparative study analysing EP and TSA.

Design: Of all patients in the database, lesions with prior interventions, benign histology advanced malignancy (T2 and more), patients with hereditary syndromes and those undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were excluded.

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Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is defined as a reduction in pancreatic exocrine secretion below the level that allows the normal digestion of nutrients. Pancreatic disease and surgery are the main causes of PEI. However, other conditions and upper gastrointestinal surgery can also affect the digestive function of the pancreas.

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Even though anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have improved survival, a high percentage of patients still do not respond to ICIs. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are circulating cells that express PD-L1 and can infiltrate and proliferate in the tumor microenvironment, inducing immunosuppression. By evaluating changes in PD-L1 expression of live peripheral blood MDSCs, we are able to define a new PD-L1 index, useful in predicting ICI escape in NSCLC patients before initiating anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.

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Long-term survivors after pancreatic resection for PDAC are rare, constituting a specific subset of patients that remains poorly understood. The aim of this survey is to describe the current landscape related to survival in the Italian context and identify factors associated with long-term survival. An online survey, conducted by the Italian Society of Oncological Surgery (SICO) and endorsed by Italian Association of the Study of the Pancreas (AISP) and Italian Association of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (AICEP), was distributed to surgeons in July 2023.

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Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterised by late diagnosis, tumour heterogeneity, and a peculiar immunosuppressive microenvironment, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Local ablative techniques have been proposed to treat unresectable PC patients, although their impact on activating the host immune system and overcoming resistance to immunotherapy remains elusive.

Methods: We dissected the immune-modulatory abilities triggered by local ablation in mouse and human PC models and human specimens, integrating phenotypic and molecular technologies with functional assays.

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Innate immunity, the body's initial defense against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, heavily depends on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are small molecules produced by all living organisms. Insects, with their vast biodiversity, are one of the most abundant and innovative sources of AMPs. In this study, AMPs from the red palm weevil (RPW) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a known invasive pest of palm species, were examined.

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Objective: To evaluate the morphologic landscape of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), intratumor spatial heterogeneity, and the resulting clinical impact following post-neoadjuvant pancreatectomy.

Summary Background Data: The clinical value of PDAC morphologic subtypes and intratumor spatial heterogeneity post-treatment remains an open issue.

Materials And Methods: The study cohort included patients who underwent post-neoadjuvant pancreatectomy for PDAC at the University of Verona Hospital Trust between 2013 and 2019.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study surveyed Italian pancreatic surgeons to assess their use of intraperitoneal prophylactic drains (IPDs) during distal pancreatectomy (DP) and to understand their regrets associated with drain decisions.
  • Out of 106 respondents, 59.4% used at least one drain, but only a small percentage changed their strategies based on patient risk categories for postoperative pancreatic complications.
  • Results showed that the median regret for not using an IPD when it would have been beneficial was high (80), while regret for using it unnecessarily was low (2.5), indicating a clear preference for cautious management in high-risk patients.
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Article Synopsis
  • Glucagonomas are special tumors in the pancreas that cause a syndrome and were studied in six patients to understand their features better.
  • These tumors were mostly large and showed a common skin symptom called necrolytic migratory erythema in all patients.
  • The tumors had specific changes in their genes and were linked to serious aggressive behavior, which means they can spread or grow badly in some patients.
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Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) derived from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), highlighting the need for tailored treatment approaches due to limited evidence on this specific type of cancer.
  • In a cohort of 1,031 patients, factors like nodal disease and elevated levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were linked to worse overall survival, with high-risk patients showing significant survival benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy.
  • The findings suggest that a significant portion of patients (approximately 79.3%) are either overtreated or undertreated, emphasizing the
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Background: Little is known about the prognostic significance of pancreatic duct (PD) dilation following pancreatoduodenectomy for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN). Although PD dilation is typically the hallmark radiographic feature of IPMN, other causes of PD dilation exist, including anastomotic stricture, pancreatitis, senescence, and postsurgical passive dilation. Therefore, PD dilation after pancreatoduodenectomy for IPMN represents a diagnostic and management dilemma.

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Objective: To compare minimally invasive and open pancreatoduodenectomy in different subtypes of ampullary adenocarcinoma.

Summary Background Data: Ampullary adenocarcinoma (AAC) is widely seen as the best indication for minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD) due to the lack of vascular involvement and dilated bile and pancreatic duct. However, it is unknown whether outcomes of MIPD for AAC differ between the pancreatobiliary (AAC-PB) and intestinal (AAC-IT) subtypes as large studies are lacking.

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Background: Resection of non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NF-PanNETs) is curative in most patients. The potential benefits of neoadjuvant treatments have, however, never been explored. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of neoadjuvant 177Lu-labelled DOTA0-octreotate (177Lu-DOTATATE) followed by surgery in patients with NF-PanNETs.

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Strawberry is a perishable fruit, susceptible to development of rot by a range of fungi, in particular Botrytis cinerea. Chitosan represents an alternative to agrochemicals for improving shelf-life and fighting fungal pathogens. A chitosan-based coating derived from pupal exuviae of Hermetia illucens has been recently formulated for improving shelf-life of strawberry stored at 4 °C and mixed condition (4 °C and room temperature).

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Background And Aims: Patients undergoing pancreatic resection are commonly malnourished. It is still unclear whether nutritional scores reliably predict postoperative outcomes after pancreatic resection. This study evaluated whether five commonly used preoperative nutritional screening scores predicted severe complications and length of stay.

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Importance: There are currently no clinically relevant criteria to predict a futile up-front pancreatectomy in patients with anatomically resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: To develop a futility risk model using a multi-institutional database and provide unified criteria associated with a futility likelihood below a safety threshold of 20%.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective study took place from January 2010 through December 2021 at 5 high- or very high-volume centers in Italy.

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