Assessing plasma-activated water as an acidic and sanitizer solution in clean-in-place (CIP) and comparing efficacy with other traditional CIP chemicals.

Cleaning-in-place (CIP) is the most commonly used cleaning and sanitation procedure for removing fouling deposits. Traditional CIP includes a series of chemical cleaning cycles, including alkaline, acid, and sanitizer. However, these chemicals are hazardous to the environment and employees.

A comprehensive RCT in screening, surveillance, and diagnostic AI-assisted colonoscopies (ACCENDO-Colo study).

Background And Aims: Adenoma detection rate (ADR) serves as a primary quality metric in colonoscopy. Various computer-aided detection (CADe) tools have emerged, yielding diverse impacts on ADR across different demographic cohorts. This study aims to evaluate a new CADe system in patients undergoing colonoscopy.

How to navigate the many direct-to-consumer microbiota analyses and why to use them.

Gut microbiota analysis, until a few years ago an exclusive research tool, has recently begun to spread among doctors and nutritionists around the world as a means aimed at better understanding patient disorders. As often happens, the commercial push has literally exploded and today there are numerous companies that offer microbiota analysis of dubious quality and/or as a business appliance aimed at selling supplements and the like. For non-experts it can therefore be difficult to find one's way among the numerous proposals.

Enhanced Wear Resistance and Thermal Dissipation of Copper-Graphene Composite Coatings via Pulsed Electrodeposition for Circuit Breaker Applications.

Copper, though highly conductive, requires improved wear resistance and thermal dissipation in applications that involve continuous movement and current-induced vibrations, such as power breakers. Conventional solutions, such as copper-tungsten alloys or lubricant use, face limitations in durability, friction, or environmental impact. This study explores the development of copper-graphene (Cu-GNPs) composite coatings using pulsed electrodeposition to enhance the tribological, thermal, and mechanical properties of circuit breaker components by adopting an industrially scalable technique.

Apennine-Pyrenees disjunct distribution: an unusual biogeographic pattern revealed in flea beetles of the species-group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae).

European mountain systems have played a crucial role in shaping the distribution of species and of their genetic diversity during the Quaternary climatic changes, with the establishment of allopatric patterns across main mountain ranges. Here we investigated the evolutionary history of flea beetles of the species-group showing an uncommon disjunct biogeographic pattern across the Apennine and the Pyrenees. We applied a multilocus molecular approach and multispecies coalescent models to establish a phylogenetic and systematic framework for this morphologically homogeneous species-group and to estimate the time of main cladogenetic events underlying the origin of the Apennine-Pyrenees pattern.

Past and current climate as a driver in shaping the distribution of the Longitarsus candidulus species group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Longitarsus candidulus (Foudras) is a thermophilic flea beetle species widely distributed in the Mediterranean Basin and associated with Daphne gnidium L. and Thymelaea hirsuta (L.).

Expectations, needs and mid-term outcomes in people accessing to secondary findings from ES: 1st French mixed study (FIND Study).

Generation and subsequently accessibility of secondary findings (SF) in diagnostic practice is a subject of debate around the world and particularly in Europe. The French FIND study has been set up to assess patient/parent expectations regarding SF from exome sequencing (ES) and to collect their real-life experience until 1 year after the delivery of results. 340 patients who had ES for undiagnosed developmental disorders were included in this multicenter mixed study (quantitative N = 340; qualitative N = 26).

A computer-aided detection system in the everyday setting of diagnostic, screening, and surveillance colonoscopy: an international, randomized trial.

Background:  Computer-aided detection (CADe) has been developed to improve detection during colonoscopy. After initial reports of high efficacy, there has been an increasing recognition of variability in the effectiveness of CADe systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate a CADe system in a varied colonoscopy population.

Assessing the Effect of Data Quality on Distance Estimation in Smartphone-Based Outdoor 6MWT.

As a result of technological advancements, functional capacity assessments, such as the 6-minute walk test, can be performed remotely, at home and in the community. Current studies, however, tend to overlook the crucial aspect of data quality, often limiting their focus to idealised scenarios. Challenging conditions may arise when performing a test given the risk of collecting poor-quality GNSS signal, which can undermine the reliability of the results.

AI-assisted capsule endoscopy reading in suspected small bowel bleeding: a multicentre prospective study.

Background: Capsule endoscopy reading is time consuming, and readers are required to maintain attention so as not to miss significant findings. Deep convolutional neural networks can recognise relevant findings, possibly exceeding human performances and reducing the reading time of capsule endoscopy. Our primary aim was to assess the non-inferiority of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted reading versus standard reading for potentially small bowel bleeding lesions (high P2, moderate P1; Saurin classification) at per-patient analysis.

Protocol for an evaluation of the initiation of an integrated longitudinal outpatient care model for severe chronic non-communicable diseases (PEN-Plus) at secondary care facilities (district hospitals) in 10 lower-income countries.

Introduction: The Package of Essential Noncommunicable Disease Interventions-Plus (PEN-Plus) is a strategy decentralising care for severe non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including type 1 diabetes, rheumatic heart disease and sickle cell disease, to increase access to care. In the PEN-Plus model, mid-level clinicians in intermediary facilities in low and lower middle income countries are trained to provide integrated care for conditions where services traditionally were only available at tertiary referral facilities. For the upcoming phase of activities, 18 first-level hospitals in 9 countries and 1 state in India were selected for PEN-Plus expansion and will treat a variety of severe NCDs.

Quantifying Parkinson's disease severity using mobile wearable devices and machine learning: the ParkApp pilot study protocol.

Introduction: The clinical assessment of Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms can present reliability issues and, with visits typically spaced apart 6 months, can hardly capture their frequent variability. Smartphones and smartwatches along with signal processing and machine learning can facilitate frequent, remote, reliable and objective assessments of PD from patients' homes.

Aim: To investigate the feasibility, compliance and user experience of passively and actively measuring symptoms from home environments using data from sensors embedded in smartphones and a wrist-wearable device.

Genetic depletion does not prevent rapid evolution in island-introduced lizards.

Experimental introductions of species have provided some of the most tractable examples of rapid phenotypic changes, which may reflect plasticity, the impact of stochastic processes, or the action of natural selection. Yet to date, very few studies have investigated the neutral and potentially adaptive genetic impacts of experimental introductions. We dissect the role of these processes in shaping the population differentiation of wall lizards in three Croatian islands (Sušac, Pod Kopište, and Pod Mrčaru), including the islet of Pod Mrčaru, where experimentally introduced lizards underwent rapid (~30 generations) phenotypic changes associated with a shift from an insectivorous to a plant-based diet.

Realigning noncommunicable disease monitoring with health systems priorities in the Africa region.

The African region of the World Health Organization (WHO) recently adopted a strategy aimed at more comprehensive care for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the region. The WHO's World Health Assembly has also newly approved several ambitious disease-specific targets that raise the expectations of chronic care and plans to revise and update the NCD-Global Action Plan. These actions provide a critically needed opportunity for reflection and course correction in the global health response to NCDs.

Erratum: Corrigendum: Salvi D, Al-Kandari M, Oliver PG, Berrilli E, Garzia M (2022) Cryptic marine diversity in the northern Arabian Gulf: an integrative approach uncovers a new species of oyster (Bivalvia: Ostreidae), . Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 2022: 7058975. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7058975.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/7058975.].

Laser Texturing to Increase the Wear Resistance of an Electrophoretic Graphene Coating on Copper Substrates.

In the present paper, different surface preparations are investigated with the aim of increasing the wear behaviour of an electrophoretic graphene coating on a copper plate. The study was divided into two steps: In the first step (pre-tests), to detect the most promising pretreatment technology, five different surface preparations were investigated (electropolishing, sandblasting, degreasing and pickling, laser cleaning and laser dots).In the second step, on the basis of the results of the first step, a 3 full factorial plan was developed and tested; three treatment types (pickled and degreased, laser-cleaned, and laser dots) and three different voltages (30, 45 and 60 V) were adopted.

Climbing on the La Canna Volcanic Sea Stack to Obtain First-Hand Data on the Tiniest Population of the Critically Endangered Aeolian Wall Lizard .

Among the extant populations of the critically endangered Aeolian wall lizard, the most vulnerable is the one surviving on La Canna, a columnar volcanic stack off the Filicudi Island. Here, I report the results of the first climbing expedition by a biologist on La Canna, that contributed direct observations and updated information on the size, morphology, and genetic variability of this population. Lizard density at the sampling site (a small terrace at 50 m of elevation) was 1.

Efficacy of cold plasma-activated water as an environmentally friendly sanitizer in egg washing.

Eggs in the United States are typically washed using chemical sanitizers such as quaternary ammonia (QA) or chlorine. Such treatments generate wash water, which could be potentially hazardous to the environment. A novel, nonthermal sanitization technique for washing shell eggs using cold plasma-activated water (PAW) was investigated in this study.

A Robust Approach to Multimodal Deepfake Detection.

The widespread use of deep learning techniques for creating realistic synthetic media, commonly known as deepfakes, poses a significant threat to individuals, organizations, and society. As the malicious use of these data could lead to unpleasant situations, it is becoming crucial to distinguish between authentic and fake media. Nonetheless, though deepfake generation systems can create convincing images and audio, they may struggle to maintain consistency across different data modalities, such as producing a realistic video sequence where both visual frames and speech are fake and consistent one with the other.

Home monitoring with connected mobile devices for asthma attack prediction with machine learning.

Monitoring asthma is essential for self-management. However, traditional monitoring methods require high levels of active engagement, and some patients may find this tedious. Passive monitoring with mobile-health devices, especially when combined with machine-learning, provides an avenue to reduce management burden.

Optimization of Plasma-activated Water and Validation of a Potential Surrogate for Salmonella for Future Egg Washing Processes.

Plasma-activated water (PAW) is considered a novel sanitizer for the food industry due to the antimicrobial mechanisms exhibited by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The plasma operation parameters can affect the chemistry of PAW and can therefore influence its microbial inactivation efficacy. This study statistically optimized the operating conditions of PAW (activation time, distance from nozzle, and volume of water) using response surface methodology.