Primary intraoperative transluminal angioplasty: a new approach to reduce the early failure of distal arteriovenous fistulas.

Purpose: About 8 years ago, we approached an intraoperative transluminal angioplasty (ITA) performed during the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation, to treat arterial or venous stenosis diagnosed by a preliminary ultrasound examination. Objective of this study is to validate the efficacy of ITA.

Methods: Early failure (EF) and failure to mature (FTM) were evaluated in 69 AVFs with ITA created in 58 patients in the last 3 years.

[A case of Xanthinuria in a patient with marked hypouricemia].

Xanthinuria is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with a deficiency of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), which normally catalyzes the conversion of hypoxanthine to uric acid. The effects of this deficit are an elevated concentration of hypoxanthine and xanthine in the blood and urine, hypouricemia, and hypouricuria. The deficit in XOR can be isolated (type I xanthinuria) or associated with a deficit in aldehyde oxidase (type II xanthinuria) and sulfite oxidase (type III xanthinuria).