A survey of perioperative management of sickle cell disease in North America.

Background: Children with sickle cell disease frequently undergo surgical procedures that are associated with acute exacerbations of the disease. Current perioperative management practices are unclear.

Objectives: We aimed at describing the current management.

The effect of a 3 : 1 volume mixture of propofol 1% and thiopental 2.5% in reducing the pain on injection of propofol in children.

Background: In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, our primary objective was to assess the effect of a 3 : 1 mixture of propofol and thiopental in reducing pain on injection in children. Our hypothesis was that a 3 : 1 mixture of propofol and thiopental (treatment) would reduce the incidence of pain on injection to 20% compared to the expected incidence of 40% in the control group of an 11 : 1 mixture of propofol and 2% lidocaine.

Methods: Study subjects were patients 12-17 years old who were scheduled to undergo surgery and general anesthesia.

Critical care of the pediatric hematopoietic stem cell recipient in 2005.

Among the most challenging patients cared for in critical care medicine are the recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). HSCT is now widely used as a definitive therapy for the treatment of pediatric malignancies and inborn errors of metabolism. Critical care services are required for treatment of complications of HSCT.

End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in pediatric emergencies.

End-tidal carbon dioxide (CO2) monitoring is useful in the prehospital setting, emergency department, intensive care unit, and operating room. Capnography provides valuable, timely information about the function of both the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. End-tidal CO2 monitoring is the single most useful method in confirming endotracheal tube position.