Numerical Modeling of Head Losses in Different Types of Well Screens.

Quantifying total well loss through well screens has been traditionally undertaken through experimentally based empirical equations or equations derived for water flow through (circular) orifices. Advances in computer capacity enables incorporation of CFD formulations at millimeter scale, coupling Darcy flow and Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) to better understand and quantify processes related to well loss for different screen types. This study provides a methodology of quantifying well screen head loss using numerical models, coupling Darcy flow (aquifer and filter/gravel pack) with turbulent flow (in-well and through screen) at a sub-millimeter scale.

Estimates of Horizontal Groundwater Flow Velocities in Boreholes.

Currently, monitoring tools can be deployed in observation boreholes to better assess groundwater flow, flux of dissolved contaminants and their mass discharge in an aquifer. The relationship between horizontal water velocity in observation boreholes and Darcy fluxes in the surrounding aquifer has been studied for natural flow conditions (i.e.