Electrical Double Layer Spillover Drives Coupled Electron- and Phase-Transfer Reactions at Electrode/Toluene/Water Three-Phase Interfaces.

A mechanism for the concerted pathway of coupled electron- and phase-transfer reactions (CEPhT) is proposed. CEPhT at three-phase interfaces formed by a solid electrode, an insulating organic solvent, and an aqueous electrolyte is driven by electric double layer (EDL) spillover, with significant electrostatic potential gradients extending a few nanometers into the insulating phase. This EDL spillover phenomenon is studied using scanning electrochemical cell microscopy to interrogate the oxidation of ferrocene in toluene to ferrocenium in water, (Fc) → (Fc) + e.

Formaldehyde Analysis in Non-Aqueous Methanol Solutions by Infrared Spectroscopy and Electrospray Ionization.

We present the analysis of formaldehyde (HCHO) in anhydrous methanol (CHOH) as a case study to quantify HCHO in non-aqueous samples. At higher concentrations (C > 0.07 M), we detect a product of HCHO, methoxy methanol (MM, CHOCHOH), by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR.

Digital Processing for Single Nanoparticle Electrochemical Transient Measurements.

We demonstrate the use of digital frequency analysis in single nanoparticle electrochemical detection. The method uses fast Fourier transforms (FFT) of single entity electrochemical transients and digital filters. These filters effectively remove noise with the Butterworth filter preserving the amplitude of the fundamental processes in comparison with the rectangle filter.