Indirect Measurement of Variables in a Heterogeneous Reaction for Biodiesel Production.

This research focuses on the development of a state observer for performing indirect measurements of the main variables involved in the soybean oil transesterification reaction with a guishe biochar-based heterogeneous catalyst; the studied reaction takes place in a batch reactor. The mathematical model required for the observer design includes the triglycerides' conversion rate, and the reaction temperature. Since these variables are represented by nonlinear differential equations, the model is linearized around an operation point; after that, the pole placement and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) methods are considered for calculating the observer gain vector (x).

High Adsorption of Hazardous Cr(VI) from Water Using a Biofilter Composed of Native on Alginate Beads.

Most conventional methods to remove heavy metals from water are efficient for high concentrations, but they are expensive, produce secondary pollution, and cannot remove low concentrations. This paper proposes a biological system to remove Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions; the biofilter is composed of a native immobilized in calcium alginate beads. Lab experiments were conducted in batch reactors, considering different operating conditions: Cr(VI) concentration, temperature, pH, and time.

Interaction Between Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles and Aspergillus niger Spores.

The immobilization of microorganisms has been reported as an alternative to improve the efficiency of processes such as fermentation, anaerobic digestion, bioadsorption, and many others. Since the kinetics of bioprocesses are governed by the adsorbent/adsorbate interaction, it is important to know the mechanisms of interaction between biological materials and supports. This could help to define optimal operating conditions.

Dissolved oxygen regulation by logarithmic/antilogarithmic control to improve a wastewater treatment process.

This paper presents the automation of a real activated sludge wastewater treatment plant, which is located at San Antonio Ajijic in Jalisco, Mexico. The main objective is to create an on-line automatic supervision system, and to regulate the dissolved oxygen concentration in order to improve the performances of the process treating municipal wastewater. An approximate mathematical model is determined in order to evaluate via simulations different control strategies: proportional integral (PI), fuzzy PI and PI Logarithm/Antilogarithm (PI L/A).

[Methodology for the implementation of e-Health services for chronic patient monitoring and control].

A methodology is presented for a smooth, orderly implementation of specific e-Health services for monitoring chronic patients outside of the hospital setting. Identified as a stage-gate model for the management of the overall implementation process, this methodology is presented formally structured into three steps: a) exploratory examination (pilot project stage); 2) in-depth evaluation (clinical trial stage); and 3) deployment (guided use stage). In the first stage, controlled by the R+D team, the predominant criiteria are the functionality and usability of the technologies involved.