Publications by authors named "Saltiki K"
Giant parathyroid adenoma (GPA) is an extremely rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and may sometimes mimic parathyroid carcinoma (PC). Parathyroid carcinoma is also a very rare entity. Both preoperative and postoperative diagnosis of the two conditions remains a challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, offering hope for patients with various malignancies. However, along with their remarkable anticancer effects, ICIs can also trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs). One such noteworthy complication is the development of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which particularly resembles Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease with increasing incidence and prevalence and serious chronic complications, especially from cardiovascular system. However, other organs can be affected too. Several studies have associated T2D, especially when poorly controlled, with multiple pulmonary diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo rare cases of benign struma ovarii with malignant recurrence.
Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep
April 2024
Article Synopsis
- - Struma ovarii is a type of ovarian teratoma found in 2-5% of cases, and malignant transformation is rare (<5%), with two cases presented where benign struma ovarii evolved into highly differentiated follicular carcinoma of the ovary (HDFCO) years later.
- - The first case involved a 37-year-old woman who had multiple metastases after being previously diagnosed with benign struma ovarii 14 years ago, while the second case was a 26-year-old woman whose condition re-emerged 4 years after a benign diagnosis.
- - Both patients underwent surgery along with total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy, highlighting the challenges in diagnosing HDFCO due to its histological similarities
COVID-19, a contagious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in 2019 and quickly became a pandemic, infecting more than 700 million people worldwide. The disease incidence, morbidity and mortality rates have started to decline since the development of effective vaccines against the virus and the widespread immunization of the population. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are associated with minor local or systemic adverse reactions, while serious adverse effects are rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: MTC has varying clinical course. In cases with metastatic disease (meta-MTC) further therapeutic modalities (locoregional and/or Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitors, TKIs) are needed. Clinical features, disease progression, response to therapy and possible factors predisposing to TKIs response-resistance in meta-MTCs were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * The article reviews OSA as an independent risk factor for T2DM development and progression, along with related cardiovascular complications like hypertension and heart disease.
- * Coexisting OSA and T2DM significantly raise the risk of cardiovascular mortality, emphasizing the need for clinicians to screen for OSA in T2DM patients and consider targeted therapies for better health outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Recent advancements in understanding the molecular biology of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) have led to the development of targeted therapies, primarily tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like vandetanib and cabozantinib, approved for treating metastatic MTC.
- New selective RET inhibitors, selpercatinib and pralsetinib, target RET mutations and have also been approved for RET-mutant MTCs and differentiated thyroid cancer.
- Despite these advancements, there is limited evidence showing improved prognosis, and drug resistance poses significant challenges, highlighting the need for deeper insights into tumorigenesis and resistance mechanisms to enhance treatment options in MTC.
During the last decades, the knowledge on follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer molecular biology has led to the evolution of a number of novel therapies for these tumors, mainly tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Lenvantinib, sorafenib and recently cabozantinib have been approved for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), while larotrectinib and entrectinib for neurotrophic-tropomyosin receptor kinase-fusion thyroid cancer. For radioiodine (RAI) refractory DTCs ongoing research aims to identify agents that may restore RAI-avidity via redifferentiation protocols (vemurafenib or dabrafenib and trametinib) or combination treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC): unusual metastatic sites.
Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep
September 2021
Article Synopsis
- - The summary discusses two cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) with atypical metastatic locations, emphasizing the unpredictable progression of the disease and the potential for metastases to develop years after the initial diagnosis.
- - In one case, a patient developed breast metastasis 23 years post-diagnosis and achieved long-term stabilization with vandetanib treatment, while the second case involved pancreatic metastasis followed by a painful mandible mass, leading to disease progression despite therapy.
- - The learning points highlight the necessity for rapid identification of unexpected MTC metastases, the importance of thorough investigation in cases with low calcitonin levels, and the potential effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for treating unusual metastases related to M
Article Synopsis
- Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (anti-Tg) are found in 20-25% of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients, complicating their follow-up due to interference with thyroglobulin measurements.
- This study analyzed 234 DTC patients with positive anti-Tg at diagnosis to explore clinical and histological factors influencing anti-Tg persistence and disease outcomes during follow-up.
- Results showed that patients with persistent anti-Tg had poorer disease outcomes, including more advanced tumors, higher rates of disease progression, and ineffective treatment with additional therapies.
Article Synopsis
- - Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) can be familial or sporadic, with familial cases being diagnosed at a younger age (average 33.9 years) compared to sporadic cases (average 52.6 years) and demonstrating a generally more favorable prognosis.
- - In a study of 273 MTC cases, familial MTCs showed more multifocality, smaller tumor size, and better stages at diagnosis alongside lower calcitonin levels, leading to higher remission rates and lower progression rates compared to sporadic MTCs.
- - Despite similar stages at diagnosis when excluding cases identified through genetic screening, familial MTC patients had significantly better outcomes, with an 86.4% chance of no disease progression
Objective: Increased oxidative stress has been described in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether high oxidative stress is further influenced by obesity and dietary habits in euthyroid women with HT.
Methods: Two hundred eighteen consecutive euthyroid women with HT were studied and separated in two groups; 102 with thyroxine replacement and 114 without.
Introduction: High prevalence of p.Gly533Cys (c.1597G > T) has been found in familial MTC in Greece (exon 8 fMTC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Polymorphisms of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) gene have been studied in various autoimmune disorders, but not in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Also, increased oxidative stress has been described in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of two common RAGE polymorphisms (-429T>C, -374T>A) in Hashimoto's thyroiditis; in parallel, we studied oxidative stress levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * PHP is often linked to a specific ret gene mutation (exon 11, codon 634), indicating a correlation between genotype and phenotype, with clinical signs generally mild and diagnosed after the age of 30.
- * Treatment for PHP involves surgically removing the enlarged parathyroid glands, and patients with MEN2 should be regularly screened via serum calcium levels, especially those with high-risk ret mutations.
Objective: Mutations in the RET gene are responsible for hereditary medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and may vary between ethnic groups. We report the spectrum of mutations detected in patients with MTC in a referral center in Greece.
Patients And Methods: Screening for RET mutations was performed in 313 subjects from 188 unrelated families: 51 patients had clinical suspicion for familial disease, 133 were apparently sporadic, four patients had only C cell hyperplasia, and 125 were family members.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to investigate how elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) after administration of recombinant TSH affect blood pressure in premenopausal women with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
- Thirty euthyroid female patients participated, undergoing TSH stimulation tests while their blood pressure was monitored over 24 hours on specific days.
- Results indicated that while no significant relationships were observed between TSH levels on certain days and blood pressure measurements, elevated TSH levels did correlate with increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, suggesting a potential link between acute TSH elevation and blood pressure changes.
Objective: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) regulates normal thyroid function by binding to its receptor (thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor -TSHR) that is expressed at the surface of thyroid cells. Recently, it has been demonstrated that TSHR is abundantly expressed in several tissues apart from the thyroid, among them the normal ovarian surface epithelium. The role of TSHR expression outside the thyroid is not completely understood.
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- The study focused on small medullary thyroid carcinomas (smallMTCs) that are 1.5 cm or smaller, examining how tumor size influences patient outcomes and clinical behavior over time.
- It included data from 128 patients and found that larger tumors (over 1 cm) were linked to worse prognosis, higher rates of invasion, and lower cure rates compared to smaller tumors.
- The research concluded that while tumor size is important, post-operative calcitonin levels are a stronger predictor of disease progression, indicating that higher calcitonin levels correlate with continued disease activity.
Article Synopsis
- * Two MTC cases demonstrated elevated postoperative calcitonin levels and lung lesions originally thought to be metastatic, but follow-up revealed rapid growth and hypercalcemia, indicating unrelated lung adenocarcinomas.
- * These cases highlight the importance of distinguishing between metastatic disease from MTC and other primary malignancies, as different treatment approaches are necessary for each condition.
Objective: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) has varying clinical course. We assessed trends in MTC presentation during the last 34 years.
Design: Retrospective study.
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are more common in women than in men. Sex hormones may play a role. Sex hormone receptors (SHR) are expressed in cells of the immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdrenal sex steroids exert diverse metabolic and neurobiological actions. Their levels have been associated with cardiovascular disease, but data concerning cerebrovascular disease are lacking. The objective of our study was to investigate the role of adrenal sex steroids in a female population suffering an acute stroke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study examines the impact of a specific genetic variation (the (TAAAA)n polymorphism) in the sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) gene on cardiovascular health in healthy women, particularly in relation to androgens and atherosclerosis markers.
- It involved 153 women, evaluating factors like endothelial function via flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and the thickness of the carotid artery to identify early signs of cardiovascular disease.
- Findings indicate longer SHBG gene repeats are linked to poorer endothelial function and potentially higher risks for cardiovascular issues, suggesting androgen exposure may negatively affect women's heart health.