Comatose With Basilar Artery Occlusion: Still Odds of Favorable Outcome With Recanalization Therapy.

Around 30-60% of patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO) present with coma, which is often considered as a hallmark of poor prognosis. To examine factors that will help predict outcomes in patients with BAO comatose on admission. A total of 312 patients with angiography-proven BAO were analyzed.

Outcomes and long-term mortality after basilar artery occlusion-A cohort with up to 20 years' follow-up.

Background: The data on long-term outcome after basilar artery occlusion (BAO) are scarce. Little is known about BAO survivors´ outcome over decades.

Aim: We set out to investigate long-term survival and causes of death in BAO patients with up to two decades of follow-up.

Clinical and MRI Features of Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of cerebral small-vessel disease (SVD) in subjects with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy control subjects and to characterize the diabetes-related factors associated with SVD.

Research Design And Methods: This substudy was cross-sectional in design and included 191 participants with type 1 diabetes and median age 40.0 years (interquartile range 33.

Sodium Channel SCN3A (Na1.3) Regulation of Human Cerebral Cortical Folding and Oral Motor Development.

Channelopathies are disorders caused by abnormal ion channel function in differentiated excitable tissues. We discovered a unique neurodevelopmental channelopathy resulting from pathogenic variants in SCN3A, a gene encoding the voltage-gated sodium channel Na1.3.

Thrombolysis and adjunct anticoagulation in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion.

Background And Purpose: Patients suffering from basilar artery occlusion (BAO) and treated with intravenous thrombolysis are, in some centers, started on adjunct anticoagulation in hyperacute settings. We aimed to assess the outcome of such patients and to compare low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and unfractionated heparin (UFH) in this context.

Methods: We examined 211 patients with angiography-proven BAO treated with intravenous thrombolysis and either adjunct UFH or LMWH.

Media multitasking is associated with distractibility and increased prefrontal activity in adolescents and young adults.

The current generation of young people indulges in more media multitasking behavior (e.g., instant messaging while watching videos) in their everyday lives than older generations.

Recanalization treatments in basilar artery occlusion-Systematic analysis.

Background And Aims: Basilar artery occlusion is a most devastating form of stroke, and the current practice is to reverse it with revascularization therapies. Pharmacological thrombolysis, intravenous or intraarterial, has been adjuncted or replaced with invasive, endovascular thrombectomy procedures. The preferred approach remains unknown and many recanalizations are futile with no clinical benefit.

Three-decade neurological and neurocognitive follow-up of HIV-1-infected patients on best-available antiretroviral therapy in Finland.

Objectives: Is it possible to live without neurocognitive or neurological symptoms after being infected with HIV for a very long time? These study patients with decades-long HIV infection in Finland were observed in this follow-up study during three time periods: 1986-1990, in 1997 and in 2013.

Setting: Patients from greater Helsinki area were selected from outpatient's unit of infectious diseases.

Participants: The study included 80 HIV patients.

Helsinki experience on nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants for treating cervical artery dissection.

Background: Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) patients with or without stroke are frequently treated with either antiplatelet agents or vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), but few data are reported on the use of nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs).

Methods: Between November 2011 and January 2014, we recorded data from patients with a stroke due to vertebral (VAD) or internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD). Patients using oral anticoagulants were included in the study and were divided into two treatment groups: patients using NOACs and those using VKAs.

Brain activations during bimodal dual tasks depend on the nature and combination of component tasks.

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate brain activations during nine different dual tasks in which the participants were required to simultaneously attend to concurrent streams of spoken syllables and written letters. They performed a phonological, spatial or "simple" (speaker-gender or font-shade) discrimination task within each modality. We expected to find activations associated specifically with dual tasking especially in the frontal and parietal cortices.

Top-down controlled and bottom-up triggered orienting of auditory attention to pitch activate overlapping brain networks.

A number of previous studies have suggested segregated networks of brain areas for top-down controlled and bottom-up triggered orienting of visual attention. However, the corresponding networks involved in auditory attention remain less studied. Our participants attended selectively to a tone stream with either a lower pitch or higher pitch in order to respond to infrequent changes in duration of attended tones.

Symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage after thrombolysis with adjuvant anticoagulation in basilar artery occlusion.

Background And Purpose: Our aim was to determine factors associated with symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (sICH) in basilar artery occlusion patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and adjuvant anticoagulant therapy.

Methods: A registry of 176 consecutive patients with angiography-proven basilar artery occlusion who received IVT with alteplase and heparin between 1995 to 2013 was assessed. Post-treatment sICH was evaluated with the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II criteria.

Subtle neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive changes in hereditary gelsolin amyloidosis (AGel amyloidosis).

Hereditary gelsolin amyloidosis (AGel amyloidosis) is an autosomal dominant form of systemic amyloidosis caused by a c.640G>A or c.640G>T mutation in the gene coding for gelsolin.

HHV-6-positivity in diseases with demyelination.

Background: The triggering agent of multiple sclerosis is still unknown and many viruses, including human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), are under suspicion. In earlier study we found patients who had HHV-6 reactive OCBs in their CSF. We wanted to investigate whether HHV-6 has an active role in diseases with demyelination.

Predictors of early mortality in young adults after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Patient and radiological characteristics of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), surgical treatment, and outcome after ICH are interrelated. Our purpose was to define whether these characteristics or surgical treatment correlate with mortality among young adults.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical and imaging data of all first-ever nontraumatic patients with ICH between 16 and 49 years of age treated in our hospital between January 2000 and March 2010 and linked these data with national causes of death registry.

Intravenous thrombolysis of basilar artery occlusion: thrombus length versus recanalization success.

Background And Purpose: In middle cerebral artery occlusion, probability of recanalization after intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator thrombolysis (IVT) was reported to drop <1% for thrombi exceeding 8 mm. We aimed to evaluate the effect of thrombus length and location on success of recanalization after IVT in basilar artery occlusion.

Methods: We evaluated 164 consecutive patients with angiography-proven basilar artery occlusion and available thrombus length.

Mismatch negativity abnormality in traumatic brain injury without macroscopic lesions on conventional MRI.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes damage through complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Deficits related to traumatic axonal injury persist in a subset of patients with no macroscopic lesions on conventional MRI. We examined two event-related brain potentials, mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a, to identify possible electrophysiological anomalies in this subset of TBI patients in comparison with TBI patients with focal abnormalities on MRI/computed tomography and healthy controls.

Thrombolysis of basilar artery occlusion: impact of baseline ischemia and time.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of extensive baseline ischemic changes on functional outcome after thrombolysis of basilar artery occlusion (BAO), and to study the effect of time to treatment in the absence of such findings.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated 184 consecutive patients with angiography-proven BAO. The majority of patients received intravenous alteplase and concomitant full-dose heparin.

D-dimer and clinicoradiologic features in cerebral venous thrombosis.

Objectives: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a disease with varying clinical presentation and diagnosis presents many challenges in clinical practice. We investigated, whether D-dimer levels reflect clinical presentation, radiologic features, and outcome in CVT.

Methods: We included all consecutive patients with CVT treated in our hospital from 1987 to 2010 with D-dimer levels measured before initiation of anticoagulant treatment.

Regulation of brain activity in the fusiform face and parahippocampal place areas in 7-11-year-old children.

Developmental studies have demonstrated that cognitive processes such as attention, suppression of interference and memory develop throughout childhood and adolescence. However, little is currently known about the development of top-down control mechanisms and their influence on cognitive performance. In the present study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate modulation of activity in the ventral visual cortex in healthy 7-11-year-old children and young adults.

Brain activity during auditory and visual phonological, spatial and simple discrimination tasks.

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure human brain activity during tasks demanding selective attention to auditory or visual stimuli delivered in concurrent streams. Auditory stimuli were syllables spoken by different voices and occurring in central or peripheral space. Visual stimuli were centrally or more peripherally presented letters in darker or lighter fonts.

Attention and semantic processing during speech: an fMRI study.

This fMRI study was conducted to investigate whether language semantics is processed even when attention is not explicitly directed to word meanings. In the "unattended" condition, the subjects performed a visual detection task while hearing semantically related and unrelated word pairs. In the "phoneme" condition, the subjects made phoneme judgements between prime and target words, and in the "word" condition, they indicated whether the words in each word pair were semantically related or unrelated.

Probing modifications of cortical excitability during stroke recovery with navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Objective: To follow cortical excitability changes during recovery from stroke with navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS), in particular, to characterize changes of short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF), to correlate them with recovery of upper extremity function, and to detect possible shifts of cortical hand representations.

Methods: Single and paired pulse nTMS were delivered to the hemisphere with infarction and to the hemisphere without infarction in 14 first-ever stroke patients at 1 (T1) and 3 months (T2) after stroke. Electromyographic responses to nTMS stimulation were recorded from the first dorsal interosseus muscles.