Unsupervised clustering reveals noncanonical myeloid cell subsets in the brain tumor microenvironment.

The tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) of human central nervous system (CNS) tumors remains to be comprehensively deciphered. Here, we employed flow cytometry and RNA sequencing analysis for a deep data-driven dissection of a diverse TiME and to uncover noncanonical immune cell types in human CNS tumors by using seven tumors from five patients. Myeloid subsets comprised classical microglia, monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils, and two noncanonical myeloid subsets: CD3 myeloids and CD19 myeloids.

A deep-learning automated image recognition method for measuring pore patterns in closely related bolivinids and calibration for quantitative nitrate paleo-reconstructions.

Eutrophication is accelerating the recent expansion of oxygen-depleted coastal marine environments. Several bolivinid foraminifera are abundant in these oxygen-depleted settings, and take up nitrate through the pores in their shells for denitrification. This makes their pore density a possible nitrate proxy.

Enrichment of intracellular sulphur cycle -associated bacteria in intertidal benthic foraminifera revealed by 16S and aprA gene analysis.

Benthic foraminifera are known to play an important role in marine carbon and nitrogen cycles. Here, we report an enrichment of sulphur cycle -associated bacteria inside intertidal benthic foraminifera (Ammonia sp. (T6), Haynesina sp.

Metabarcoding Insights Into the Trophic Behavior and Identity of Intertidal Benthic Foraminifera.

Foraminifera are ubiquitous marine protists with an important role in the benthic carbon cycle. However, morphological observations often fail to resolve their exact taxonomic placement and there is a lack of field studies on their particular trophic preferences. Here, we propose the application of metabarcoding as a tool for the elucidation of the feeding behavior of benthic foraminifera, while also allowing the correct taxonomic assignment of the feeder, using the V9 region of the 18S (small subunit; SSU) rRNA gene.

Metabarcoding successfully tracks temporal changes in eukaryotic communities in coastal sediments.

Metabarcoding is a method that combines high-throughput DNA sequencing and DNA-based identification. Previously, this method has been successfully used to target spatial variation of eukaryote communities in marine sediments, however, the temporal changes in these communities remain understudied. Here, we follow the temporal changes of the eukaryote communities in Baltic Sea surface sediments collected from two coastal localities during three seasons of two consecutive years.

Genomic data into everyday work of a medical practitioner - digital tools for decision-making.

Recent technological development has enabled fast and cost-effective simultaneous analyses of several gene variants or sequence of even the whole genome. For medical practitioners this has created challenges although genomic information may be clinically useful in new applications such as finding out individual risk for diseases influenced by as many as 50,000 variable DNA regions or in detecting pharmacogenetic risks prior to prescribing a medicine. New digital tools have paved the way for utilization of genomic data via easy access and clear clinical interpretation for both doctor and patient.

Source-specific fine particulate air pollution and systemic inflammation in ischaemic heart disease patients.

Objective: To compare short-term effects of fine particles (PM2.5; aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm) from different sources on the blood levels of markers of systemic inflammation.

Low-level exposure to ambient particulate matter is associated with systemic inflammation in ischemic heart disease patients.

Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. This adverse health effect is suggested to be mediated by inflammatory processes. The purpose of this study was to determine if low levels of particulate matter, typical for smaller cities, are associated with acute systemic inflammation.

Serum myeloperoxidase is independent of the risk factors of atherosclerosis.

Objectives: The main hypothesis of the study was that as serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentration is known to indicate the progression of the atherosclerotic process, MPO may be associated with common risk factors of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the presence of these risk factors (especially elevated glucose and lipid concentrations) should predict an increased MPO level during the subsequent months. We also hypothesized an association of MPO with markers of other chronic diseases involving inflammation.

Exhaled nitric oxide and atherosclerosis.

Background: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration (FENO) measurement has been proposed to be an important adjunct in the diagnosis and management of asthma, pulmonary hypertension and cystic fibrosis. But do we understand how other diseases influence the FENO values? In particular, atherosclerosis is one of the pathological conditions, in which nitric oxide (NO) production is inhibited and its degradation enhanced. Therefore, hypothesis of the current study was that FENO is inversely associated with risk markers of atherosclerosis and with diseases leading secondarily to the progression of atherosclerosis.

Platelet transfusions in adult patients with particular reference to patients undergoing surgery.

Descriptive information on platelet (PLT) recipients, particularly during surgery, is limited. A description of the current epidemiology of PLT-transfused patients is required to optimize platelet transfusion care and to follow trends in PLT use. In 2004 and 2005, information was combined from several computerized medical systems.

Development of permanent national register of blood component use utilizing electronic hospital information systems.

Background And Objectives: We wanted to establish a permanent national database system, which can be utilized to study transfusion recipients and blood use in Finland.

Materials And Methods: A regularly updated register for permanent use was developed. To study the usability of the database, years 2002 and 2003 were further analysed.

Abdominal disorders arising from 71 Meckel's diverticulum.

Background And Aims: The study was done to investigate the frequency of Meckel's diverticulum, and its manifestations as the cause of abdominal disorders.

Material And Methods: The material consisted of 71 patients with Meckel's diverticulum treated in our hospital during the years 1988-1998. From the material the age and sex were analyzed as well the outcome of patients.

Brain perfusion SPECT and MRI in foetal alcohol syndrome.

Six boys and five girls with a mean age of 8.6 (range 3 to 13) years with foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) were studied by MRI and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to find specific areas of vulnerability. Morphological anomalies shown in six of 11 patients by MRI were situated both cortically and subcortically: cortical atrophy (N = 2), dilated ventricle (N = 1), corpus callosum hypoplasia (N = 1), cerebellar atrophy (N = 2), one of the latter with Arnold-Chiari malformation (N = 1).

Calicin in human sperm fertilizing zona-free hamster eggs in vitro.

Calicin, a basic cytoskeletal protein has been proposed to be involved in the formation and maintenance of the highly regular organization of the postacrosomal perinuclear theca, the calyx of mammalian spermatozoa. The fate of human sperm calicin in the zona-free hamster egg fertilized in vitro has been analysed at the light and electron microscope level using polyclonal mouse anti-calicin antibodies. Calicin was localized in the postacrosomal dense lamina of the capacitated acrosome-reacted spermatozoa attached on the surface of the egg as well as in the spermatozoa at an early stage of ooplasmic incorporation.

Effect of chronic ethanol diet on expression of gonadotropin genes in the male rat.

The present study elucidates further the defect in the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the male rat after a 6% ethanol diet for 5 weeks. The body, testis, prostate and seminal vesicle weights of the ethanol-treated animals did not differ from those of the pair-fed controls. However, the weights of the ethanol and pair-fed groups were significantly lower than in untreated controls (P less than .

Birth fractures of long bones.

A case of traumatic separation of the proximal humeral epiphysis in a newborn is described. Three other cases of birth fractures of long bones have been taken care of in our hospital during 1980-89, when the frequency of birth fractures of long bones was 0.02%.

Birth injuries: incidence and predisposing factors.

The incidence of birth-associated major injuries among 14.265 live born infants during seven years is presented. The occurrence of major trauma was 3.

Ethanol administration does not alter dopamine D1 and D2 receptor characteristics in rat brain.

The effects of 5 weeks' ethanol treatment on the number and affinity of cortical and striatal dopamine D1 receptors and striatal D2 receptors in rat brain were investigated. The ethanol and control diets were carried out using the pair-feeding technique. The number and affinity of dopamine D1 receptor sites in the frontal cortex and caudate-putamen or D2 receptors in the caudate-putamen were not significantly altered by the used ethanol dose regimen.

Effects of chronic ethanol diet on pituitary-testicular function of the rat.

We studied the effects of a 6% ethanol liquid diet administered for 5 wk on the pituitary-gonadal function of adult male rats. Because ethanol is known to reduce body weight, we used sucrose-fed animals as controls. No significant differences in body, testis, or prostate weights were found between the rats exposed to ethanol and their sucrose-fed controls at the end of the 5-week treatment.

Penetration of ethanol into the male reproductive tract.

We studied the pharmacokinetics of ethanol in the rat rete testis fluid, interstitial fluid, seminiferous tubules, epididymal fluid, and whole testis after 0.75 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg intraperitoneal injections.