Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection over two epidemic waves in Manaus, Brazil: A serological study of seven thousand blood donors.

Background: Most longitudinal studies of COVID-19 incidence have used unlinked samples. The city of Manaus, Brazil, has a blood donation program which allows sample linkage, and was struck by two large COVID-19 epidemic waves between mid-2020 and early 2021.

Methods: We estimated the changing force of infection, i.

The Role of Personalized Normative Feedback in the Efficacy of Brief Intervention Among Argentinian University Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

: Personalized Normative Feedback (PNF) aims to modify misperceptions about peer consumption that influence one's drinking. PNF is usually a component in Brief Interventions delivered to university students. Despite this, whether PNF contributes to improving the effect of brief interventions is unclear.

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in the Heart, Liver, and Kidney of Bat Species with Different Feeding Habits.

The aim of this study was to compare the oxidative metabolism of four neotropical bat species with different feeding habits and investigate the relationship between their feeding habits and oxidative status. In terms of oxidative damage, our findings revealed major differences among the four bat species. In particular, hematophagous bats had lower levels of oxidative damage in the heart but higher levels in the liver.

Use of digital retinography to detect vascular changes in pre-diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of DM and may go unnoticed until irreversible damage occurs. Its screening can contribute to the early detection. Although, there are no studies which investigate the ability of digital retinography to detect vascular changes in pre-diabetic patients.

High-resolution ro-vibrational and rotational spectroscopy of HCO.

The ro-vibrational and pure rotational spectra of the linear ion HCO have been investigated in a 4 K cryogenic ion trap instrument. For this, a novel action spectroscopic technique, called leak-out-spectroscopy (LOS, Schmid , 2022, , 8111), has been utilized and characterized. In total, 45 ro-vibrational transitions within the fundamental band of the C-H stretching mode were measured with a band center at 3237.

Predicting SARS-CoV-2 Variant Spread in a Completely Seropositive Population Using Semi-Quantitative Antibody Measurements in Blood Donors.

SARS-CoV-2 serologic surveys estimate the proportion of the population with antibodies against historical variants, which nears 100% in many settings. New approaches are required to fully exploit serosurvey data. Using a SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike (S) protein chemiluminescent microparticle assay, we attained a semi-quantitative measurement of population IgG titers in serial cross-sectional monthly samples of blood donations across seven Brazilian state capitals (March 2021−November 2021).

Road traffic injury risk from alcohol and cannabis use among emergency department patients in Argentina.

Objective: To report the risk from alcohol, cannabis, and their combined use for non-fatal road traffic injuries for drivers, passengers, and pedestrians.

Methods: Risk was estimated using the case-crossover method. Participants (N= 306) were injured patients from an emergency department in Mar del Plata, Argentina.

The He-H complex. II. Infrared predissociation spectrum and energy term diagram.

The rotationally resolved infrared (IR) spectrum of the He-H complex has been measured in a cryogenic ion trap experiment at a nominal temperature of 4 K. Predissociation of the stored complex has been invoked by excitation of the degenerate ν mode of the H sub-unit using a pulsed optical parametric oscillator system. An assignment of the experimental spectrum became possible through one-to-one correlations with bands of the spectrum theoretically predicted in Paper I [Harding et al.

Reinfection by the SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant in blood donors in Manaus, Brazil.

Background: The city of Manaus, north Brazil, was stricken by a second epidemic wave of SARS-CoV-2 despite high seroprevalence estimates, coinciding with the emergence of the Gamma (P.1) variant. Reinfections were postulated as a partial explanation for the second surge.

Mycotoxin deactivator improves performance, antioxidant status, and reduces oxidative stress in nursery pigs fed diets containing mycotoxins.

Ingestion of mycotoxins can result in many problems, including decreased growth rates and immune suppression. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the supplementation of a mycotoxin deactivator composed by adsorbent clay minerals; inactivated fermentation extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; and blend of antioxidants, organic acids, and botanicals in diets containing added mycotoxins for nursery pigs on their performance and antioxidant status. Ninety pigs weaned with 24 d of age (7.

Memory for individual items is related to nonreinforced preference change.

It is commonly assumed that memories contribute to value-based decisions. Nevertheless, most theories of value-based decision-making do not account for memory influences on choice. Recently, new interest has emerged in the interactions between these two fundamental processes, mainly using reinforcement-based paradigms.

Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on lung injury and haemodynamics during experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and near-apnoeic ventilation.

Background: Lung rest has been recommended during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Whether positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) confers lung protection during ECMO for severe ARDS is unclear. We compared the effects of three different PEEP levels whilst applying near-apnoeic ventilation in a model of severe ARDS treated with ECMO.

Rovibrational spectroscopy of the CH-He and CH-He complexes.

A cryogenic 22-pole ion trap apparatus is used in combination with a table-top pulsed IR source to probe weakly bound CH-He and CH-He complexes by predissociation spectroscopy at 4 K. The infrared photodissociation spectra of the C-H stretching vibrations are recorded in the range of 2720-2800 cm. The spectrum of CH-He exhibits perpendicular transitions of a near prolate top with a band origin at 2745.

Brain volumetric changes in the general population following the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak introduced unprecedented health-risks, as well as pressure on the economy, society, and psychological well-being due to the response to the outbreak. In a preregistered study, we hypothesized that the intense experience of the outbreak potentially induced stress-related brain modifications in the healthy population, not infected with the virus. We examined volumetric changes in 50 participants who underwent MRI scans before and after the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown in Israel.

Maternal polyphenol intake impairs cerebellar redox homeostasis in newborn rats.

Introduction: Polyphenols are compounds found in plants that have been extensively studied due to the health benefits of its consumption in adulthood. Meanwhile, recent evidence suggests that polyphenol consumption during pregnancy may not be safe for the fetus.

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of naringenin supplementation during pregnancy on brain redox homeostasis and mitochondrial activity of the newborn rat.

HIV primary drug resistance and associated HIV risk factors among HIV positive blood donors in Brazil from 2007 to 2017.

Background: Acquisition of HIV primary drug resistant (PDR) infection can lead to poor virologic and clinical outcomes in individuals and hampers public health efforts in epidemic control. Monitoring PDR in HIV-positive blood donors can be used to inform nationwide trends in the spread of drug-resistant HIV strains.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using genetic sequence analysis to assess HIV pol sequences, PDR, and risk factors for infection using audio computer-assisted structured interviews in four large blood centers in Brazil from 2007 to 2017.

Hormonal Receptor Immunochemistry Heterogeneity and F-FDG Metabolic Heterogeneity: Preliminary Results of Their Relationship and Prognostic Value in Luminal Non-Metastatic Breast Cancers.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate whether F-FDG PET metabolic heterogeneity reflects the heterogeneity of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expressions within luminal non-metastatic breast tumors and if it could help in identifying patients with worst event-free survival (EFS).

Materials And Methods: On 38 PET high-resolution breast bed positions, a single physician drew volumes of interest encompassing the breast tumors to extract SUV, histogram parameters and textural features. High-resolution immunochemistry (IHC) scans were analyzed to extract Haralick parameters and descriptors of the distribution shape.

An insight into the functional role of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes in adult Rhipicephalus microplus female ticks.

Ticks have developed physiological adaptations to transport, store, metabolize and secrete toxic components from the diet and environment. Different classes of enzymes are involved in these processes, however, the role of several of them is not yet characterized in Rhipicephalus microplus. In this context, this work investigated the action of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes, as well as the levels of essential cellular reductants in R.

Three-quarters attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the Brazilian Amazon during a largely unmitigated epidemic.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread rapidly in Manaus, the capital of Amazonas state in northern Brazil. The attack rate there is an estimate of the final size of the largely unmitigated epidemic that occurred in Manaus. We use a convenience sample of blood donors to show that by June 2020, 1 month after the epidemic peak in Manaus, 44% of the population had detectable immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies.