Mineral and potentially toxic element profiles in the soil-feed-animal continuum: Implications for public, environmental, and livestock health in three pasture-based sheep farming systems.

Grazing livestock derive most of their mineral requirements from foraging. The presence of toxic elements in soils has become a significant concern for food safety and ecosystem services. Understanding the mineral content profiles in soil and forage is crucial for assessing animal health, predicting potential transfers of minerals or heavy metals into the food-chain, and assessing threats to the environment and human health.

Biomarker responses and lethal dietary doses of tau-fluvalinate and coumaphos in honey bees: Implications for chronic acaricide toxicity.

Evidence suggests that acaricide residues, such as tau-fluvalinate and coumaphos, are very prevalent in honey bee colonies worldwide. However, the endpoints and effects of chronic oral exposure to these compounds remain poorly understood. In this study, we calculated LC and LDD endpoints for coumaphos and tau-fluvalinate, and then evaluated in vivo and in vitro effects on honey bees using different biomarkers.

Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of organic UV filters in coastal waters of the Iberian Peninsula.

This study aimed to assess the presence of 21 UVFs and metabolites in coastal regions of the Iberian Peninsula, to evaluate their environmental risk, and identify possible influential factors affecting their measured concentrations. Sampling was carried out in spring and summer to assess possible seasonal variations. UVFs were detected in 43 of the 46 sampling sites.

Considerations for bioaccumulation studies in fish with nanomaterials.

Nanomaterials (NMs) pose challenges in performing bioaccumulation studies in fish and in regulatory interpretation of results. Therefore, a clear guidance is needed to obtain reliable, reproducible and comparable results. By analysing all the available literature, we aim in this manuscript to identify the critical aspects that should be addressed in these type of studies.

Bioaccumulation of CuO nanomaterials in rainbow trout: Influence of exposure route and particle shape.

The bioaccumulation potential of spherical and rod-shaped CuO nanomaterials (NMs) was assessed in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed via water and diet following the OECD Test Guideline No. 305. Fish were exposed via diet to both NMs at concentrations of 70 and 500 mg Cu/kg for 15 days, followed by 44 days of depuration.

Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of antibiotic residues in urban wastewater discharged into the coastal environment of the Persian Gulf (the case of Bandar Abbas).

This is the first attempt to detect antibiotic residues released into the Persian Gulf marine environment. In particular, this study quantifies and assesses the ecological risks of amoxicillin (AMX) and azithromycin (AZM) residues in wastewater outfalls from Bandar Abbas, one of the major coastal cities in southern Iran. The wastewater effluent samples were collected from two main wastewater discharging stations, Gursuzan and Suru, between December 2020 and February 2021.

Evaluating the chronic effect of two varroacides using multiple biomarkers and an integrated biological response index.

There is mounting evidence that acaricides are among the most prevalent medicinal compounds in honey bee hive matrices worldwide. According to OCDE guideline No. 245 chronic lethal concentration of tau-fluvalinate (at concentrations ranging from 77.

Pancreatic stellate cells exhibit adaptation to oxidative stress evoked by hypoxia.

Background Information: Pancreatic stellate cells play a key role in the fibrosis that develops in diseases such as pancreatic cancer. In the growing tumour, a hypoxia condition develops under which cancer cells are able to proliferate. The growth of fibrotic tissue contributes to hypoxia.

Melatonin modulates red-ox state and decreases viability of rat pancreatic stellate cells.

In this work we have studied the effects of pharmacological concentrations of melatonin (1 µM-1 mM) on pancreatic stellate cells (PSC). Cell viability was analyzed by AlamarBlue test. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was monitored following CM-HDCFDA and MitoSOX Red-derived fluorescence.

Presence of pharmaceutical compounds, levels of biochemical biomarkers in seafood tissues and risk assessment for human health: Results from a case study in North-Western Spain.

This study assessed the presence of 27 pharmaceutically active compounds belonging to common therapeutic groups (cardiovascular, antiashmatic, psychoactive, diuretic, analgesic/anti-inflammatory, and antibiotic drugs) in the tissues of representative seafood species of bivalves, cephalopods, arthropods, and fish of high economic importance and consumption rates in North-Western Spain. Four pharmaceutical compounds, out of the 27 analyzed, were detected in the collected samples. The benzodiazepine citalopram was detected in the tissues of common octopus (14.

Metal content in the liver, kidney, and feathers of Northern gannets, Morus bassanus, sampled on the Spanish coast.

The value of birds as bioindicators for monitoring the environmental inorganic elements has been globally recognized. In this context, due to its well-known ecology and population stability, the Northern gannet (Morus bassanus) could be particularly useful. Dead Northern gannets (n = 30) were collected and samples from the liver, kidney, and feathers were taken, dried, mineralized, and finally analyzed via ICP-MS.

Melatonin induces reactive oxygen species generation and changes in glutathione levels and reduces viability in human pancreatic stellate cells.

In this study, the effects of pharmacological concentrations of melatonin (1 μM-1 mM) on human pancreatic stellate cells (HPSCs) have been examined. Cell type-specific markers and expression of melatonin receptors were analyzed by western blot analysis. Changes in intracellular free Ca concentration were followed by fluorimetric analysis of fura-2-loaded cells.

The organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate decreases cell viability and induces changes in different biochemical parameters of rat pancreatic stellate cells.

In the present study we employed cultured pancreatic stellate cells to study the effect of the organophosphorus insecticide dimethoate on pancreatic cell physiology. Esterase activity, cell viability, reactive oxygen species generation and Ca mobilization were examined. Our results show that dimethoate (0.

Reference intervals for B-esterases in gull, Larus michahellis (Nauman, 1840) from Northwest Spain: influence of age, gender, and tissue.

Over the last years, cholinesterase (ChE) and carboxylesterase (CbE) activities have been increasingly used in environmental biomonitoring to detect the exposure to anticholinesterase insecticides such as organophosphorates (OPs) and carbamates (CBs). The aim of this study was to determine ChE and CbE enzymatic activities present in liver and muscle of yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis), a seabird species considered suitable to monitor environmental pollution. In order to provide reference data for further biomonitoring studies, the influence of different factors, such as gender, age, sampling mode, and tissue, was considered in the present study.