Human Antibodies to VP4 Inhibit Replication of Enteroviruses Across Subgenotypes and Serotypes, and Enhance Host Innate Immunity.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious disease that usually affects infants and young children (<5 years). HFMD outbreaks occur frequently in the Asia-Pacific region, and these outbreaks are associated with enormous healthcare and socioeconomic burden. There is currently no specific antiviral agent to treat HFMD and/or the severe complications that are frequently associated with the enterovirus of serotype EV71.

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against highly immunogenic Opisthorchis viverrini proteins and development of coproantigen detection.

Opisthorchis viverrini and other foodborne trematode infections are major health concerns in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Currently, the gold-standard diagnostic method for opisthorchiasis is conventional stool examination for the presence of parasite eggs. This method lacks sensitivity and needs an experienced technician.

Infection of the Jackal () by (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) in Southwestern Iran: A Clue for Potential Human Infection.

Background: We detected eight trematodes in the small intestine of a road-killed jackal () from Hamidiyeh District near the city of Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province in 2010.

Methods: Three worms were stained with carmine acid, mounted in Canada balsam on glass slides and examined under a light microscope at 1000X magnification. PCR and sequencing of a partial ITS2 sequence were used to approve the diagnosis.

Identification of Cysticercoid Larvae in (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Beetles from Iran.

Background: is a cestod of rodents and rarely infects humans. Infection in humans is via ingestion of infected insects. This study was aimed to detect cysticercoids in red flour beetles, and cockroaches originated from different regions of Iran.

Human transbodies to VP40 inhibit cellular egress of Ebola virus-like particles.

A direct acting anti-Ebola agent is needed. VP40, a conserved protein across Ebolavirus (EBOV) species has several pivotal roles in the virus life cycle. Inhibition of VP40 functions would lessen the virion integrity and interfere with the viral assembly, budding, and spread.

Chicken IgY-based coproantigen capture ELISA for diagnosis of human opisthorchiasis.

Diagnosis of Opisthorchis viverrini infection by conventional stool examination is increasingly difficult due to the low intensity of the infection after several rounds of control programmes in endemic regions as well as coinfections with intestinal flukes. Therefore sensitive and specific diagnostic test is needed. In this study, a coproantigen sandwich ELISA using recombinant O.

Immunodiagnosis of opisthorchiasis using parasite cathepsin F.

Opisthorchis viverrini, a food-borne trematode parasite endemic in the lower Mekong countries, is conventionally diagnosed by stool examination. However, parasitological stool-based diagnosis can be unreliable in light infections. The goal of this study was to develop the immunodiagnosis of opisthorchiasis using cathepsin F cysteine protease of O.

Heavy metal bioabsorption capacity of intestinal helminths in urban rats.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the capability of helminths to absorb heavy metals in comparison with that of the host tissues.

Methods: We compared the concentration of cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) in urban rats and in their harboring helminthes -Moniliformis moniliformis, Hymenolepis diminuta and larval stage of Taenia taenaeiformis (Cysticercus fasciolaris). The heavy metal absorption was evaluated in 1g wet weight of parasites and tissues digested in nitric acid, using Inductivity Coupled Plasma (ICP_OES).