Diphtheria transmission dynamics - Unveiling generation time and reproduction numbers from the 2022-2023 outbreak in Kano state, Nigeria.

Background: Diphtheria, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, remains a serious public health threat in areas with low vaccination coverage, despite global declines due to widespread immunization and improved clinical management. A major outbreak in Nigeria from 2022 to 2023 underscored the persistent risk in regions with inadequate vaccination. This study aims to assess the transmission dynamics of diphtheria in Kano State, the epicenter of the outbreak, by estimating key epidemiological parameters, including the generation time (GT), approximated in our study by serial interval, and effective reproduction number (Rₜ).

Celiac disease autoimmunity among Nigerian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) affects the small intestine and can hinder nutrient absorption. It is found worldwide and common in certain groups of people including individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). However, the prevalence of CD in the West African region is not documented.

Rare manifestations of cutaneous diphtheria: a case report.

Background: This case report presents an exceptionally rare and atypical presentation of diphtheria in a 17-year-old female of Hausa ethnicity residing in an area with an elevated incidence within Kano State, Nigeria. By the end of 39th epidemiological week of 2023, only two cases of cutaneous diphtheria have been reported among 5,811 cases managed at MMSH diphtheria treatment center (DTC), representing approximately 0.035% of all diphtheria cases during that time period.

Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Nigeria: clinical characteristics and compliance with care.

Objectives: The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing in most developed and developing countries. This study described the clinical characteristics and compliance with care among Nigerian children and adolescents with T1DM.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive multi-center study of children seen at the paediatric endocrinology clinic of seven selected tertiary health facilities in Nigeria.

Normative Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Values for Healthy Nigerian Newborns.

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism is a common congenital endocrine disorder prevailing all over the world. No nationwide screening exists for any sub-Saharan country. We present normative cord and capillary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values for healthy Nigerian newborns.