Publications by authors named "Salma I Patel"

Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to explore how a polygenic risk score (PRS) for QT prolongation (QTc-PRS) is linked to QTc intervals and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in people with and without sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) using data from the UK Biobank.
  • - Results showed that a higher QTc-PRS was connected to longer QTc intervals, with SDB significantly affecting the relationship between QTc-PRS and SCD risk; those with SDB had a much higher risk of SCD.
  • - In particular, Black participants with SDB were found to have a notably high risk of sudden cardiac death, highlighting the importance of SDB as a modifier for genetic risk factors.
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Article Synopsis
  • Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep-related bradyarrhythmia syndrome is a rare condition causing heart rhythm issues during REM sleep, unrelated to sleep apnea.
  • A case study of a young man showed he experienced prolonged pauses in his heartbeat during sleep, with the longest pause reaching 12.5 seconds.
  • After assessing his heart rhythm over 14 days and finding mostly normal results, doctors opted for ongoing monitoring rather than immediate intervention like a pacemaker.
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Background: Cortical hyperarousal and ruminative thinking are common aspects of insomnia that have been linked with greater connectivity in the default mode network (DMN). Therefore, disrupting network activity within the DMN may reduce cortical and cognitive hyperarousal and facilitate better sleep.

Objective: This trial aims to establish a novel, noninvasive method for treating insomnia through disruption of the DMN with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, specifically with continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS).

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Introduction: The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between a polygenic risk score (PRS) for QT prolongation (QTc-PRS), QTc intervals and mortality in patients enrolled in the UK Biobank with and without sleep apnea.

Methods: The QTc-PRS was calculated using allele copy number and previously reported effect estimates for each single nuclear polymorphism SNP. Competing-risk regression models adjusting for age, sex, BMI, QT prolonging medication, race, and comorbid cardiovascular conditions were used for sudden cardiac death (SCD) analyses.

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Insomnia is often accompanied by excessive pre-sleep rumination. Such ruminative thinking is also associated with increased connectivity of the default mode network (DMN). It is likely that DMN connectivity and associated rumination contribute to the pathogenesis of insomnia.

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Introduction: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at risk for QTc prolongation, a known risk factor for increased mortality. The pro-QTc score can help identify individuals at increased risk for mortality associated with increased QTc however, it has not been evaluated in patients with OSA. The goal of this study was to evaluate the pro-QTc score in patients with OSA.

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The novel corona virus that is now known as (SARS-CoV-2) has killed more than six million people worldwide. The disease presentation varies from mild respiratory symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome and ultimately death. Several risk factors have been shown to worsen the severity of COVID-19 outcomes (such as age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity).

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Introduction: Variability and prolongation of ventricular repolarization - measured by changes in QT interval and QT variability are independently associated with ventricular arrhythmias, sudden death, and mortality but such studies did not examine the role of sleep-disordered breathing. We aimed to determine whether sleep-disordered breathing moderated the association between measures of ventricular repolarization and overall mortality.

Methods: Eight hundred participants were randomly selected from each of the following four groups in the Sleep Heart Health Study: mild, moderate, severe or no sleep disordered breathing (n = 200 each).

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that affects all age groups and is associated with many co-morbid diseases (especially cardiovascular diseases). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard for treating OSA. However, adherence to PAP therapy has been a major challenge with an estimated adherence between 20% and 80%.

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Study Objectives: Prior studies have shown a morning chronotype for African Americans compared with non-Hispanic Whites, yet self-reported sleep timing is delayed in African Americans compared with Whites.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Multi-Ethnicity Study of Atherosclerosis, a multisite community-based cohort. Self-reported and actigraphic sleep timing, chronotype measured by the modified Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and risk of depression measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale were examined using nonparametric approaches and linear or logistic regression while comparing between African Americans and Whites and evaluating the effects of delayed sleep phase.

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Patel SI, Combs D, Parthasarathy S. Sleep apnea 20/20: a 20-year cohort that continues to inform the next 20 years. .

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Study Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a wearable sleep-tracker improves perceived sleep quality in healthy participants and to test whether wearables reliably measure sleep quantity and quality compared with polysomnography.

Methods: This study included a single-center randomized crossover trial of community-based participants without medical conditions or sleep disorders. A wearable device (WHOOP, Inc.

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(a) Background: In patients with sleep apnea, poor adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy has been associated with mortality. Regional studies have suggested that lower socioeconomic status is associated with worse PAP adherence but population-level data is lacking. (b) Methods: De-identified data from a nationally representative database of PAP devices was geo-linked to sociodemographic information.

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Study Objectives: At the sleep laboratory, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation titration protocols in patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD) are based on standard pressure cycle devices in a spontaneous/timed mode (BPAP-ST). Experience integrating protocols on average volume-assured pressure support (AVAPS) mode is limited, prompting us to develop a practical single-night titration protocol that provides information to assist clinicians and patients as they decide between BPAP-ST and AVAPS modes.

Methods: We implemented a sequential titration protocol of BPAP-ST followed by AVAPS during a single-night polysomnography study in patients with NMD and reported polysomnographic and clinical metrics.

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Introduction: Risk assessment for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) remains complex. The goal of this study was to assess electrocardiogram (ECG)-derived risk factors on SCD in a large HCM population Methods: Retrospective review of adults with HCM evaluated at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN from 1 December 2002 to 31 December 2012 was performed. Data inclusive of ECG and 24-hour ambulatory Holter monitor were assessed.

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Objective: To objectively assess whether a dog in the bedroom or bed disturbs sleep.

Participants And Methods: From August 1, 2015, through December 31, 2015, we evaluated the sleep of humans and dogs occupying the same bedroom to determine whether this arrangement was conducive to sleep. The study included 40 healthy adults without sleep disorders and their dogs (no dogs <6 months old).

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Patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing kidney transplant often have diffuse atherosclerosis and high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates. We analyzed the correlation of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), here quantified by an abnormal ankle-brachial index (ABI) measured within the 5 years prior to kidney transplant, with graft failure and mortality rates (primary end points) after adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors (age, sex, smoking history, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, known coronary artery disease or heart failure, years of dialysis). Of 1055 patients in our transplant population, 819 had arterial studies within the 5 years prior to transplant.

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Objective: To determine if the CHADS-VASc score (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, sex category) predicts thromboembolism and death in patients without atrial fibrillation in a population with implantable cardiac monitoring devices.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective review utilizing the Rochester Epidemiology Project research infrastructure was conducted to evaluate the CHADS-VASc tool as a predictor of mortality and ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or systemic embolism in patients without atrial fibrillation. An implantable device was required in the inclusion criteria to discern the absence of atrial fibrillation.

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Context: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may be as effective as, and at times safer than, warfarin. Because DOACs do not require regular serum level monitoring, patients' interaction with the health care system may be reduced. To the authors' knowledge, although studies have evaluated warfarin adherence, few studies have evaluated the real-world adherence to DOACs.

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Background: This study evaluated referral patterns for preoperative evaluations of patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM) and determined whether intervals between evaluations and surgery day were associated with preoperative glucose levels.

Results/methodology: In this retrospective analysis of DM patients with a hemoglobin A level greater than 8.0%, of the 163 patients who underwent preoperative medical evaluation, only 45% were evaluated by endocrinology.

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We summarize the evidence for the safety and efficacy of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) with and without ultrasound-assisted therapy for treating submassive and massive pulmonary embolism (PE) in a systematic review. The primary efficacy outcome was mortality. Outcomes were pooled across studies with the random-effects model.

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Background: Although the population of diverse applicants applying to medical school has increased over recent years (AAMC Diversity in Medical Education: Facts and Figures 2012); efforts persist to ensure the continuance of this increasing trend. Mentoring students at an early age may be an effective method by which to accomplish diversity within the applicant pool. Having a diverse physician population is more likely able to adequately address the healthcare needs of our diverse population.

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Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is rare and involves thrombosis of the veins and sinuses of the brain, most commonly the superior sagittal sinus. Approximately 5 CVT cases occur per 1 million persons in western countries. CVT causes 0.

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Background: Mentoring plays an important role in career success of academic medical faculty. New mentoring models such as peer mentoring have emerged.

Aim: To evaluate the long-term impact of a facilitated peer mentoring program on academic achievements.

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