A Novel -Based Nanofertilizer Promotes Seedling Growth and Vigor in Wheat ( L.).

Excessive use of chemical fertilizers poses significant environmental and health concerns. Microbial-based biofertilizers are increasingly being promoted as safe alternatives. However, they have limitations such as gaining farmers' trust, the need for technical expertise, and the variable performance of microbes in the field.

Molecular Targets of Plant-based Alkaloids and Polyphenolics in Liver and Breast Cancer- An Insight into Anticancer Drug Development.

Liver and Breast cancer are ranked as the most prevailing cancers that cause high cancer-related mortality. As cancer is a life-threatening disease that affects the human population globally, there is a need to develop novel therapies. Among the available treatment options include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy.

Addressing artifacts of colorimetric anticancer assays for plant-based drug development.

Cancer has become the silent killer in less-developed countries and the most significant cause of morbidity worldwide. The accessible and frequently used treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Chemotherapeutic drugs traditionally involve using plant-based medications either in the form of isolated compounds or as scaffolds for synthetic drugs.

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Extracts of Wild Ginger () with Antibacterial Activity against Selective Multidrug Resistant Oral Bacteria.

Antibiotic resistance rate is rising worldwide. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are potent for fighting antimicrobial resistance (AMR), independently or synergistically. The purpose of this study was to prepare AgNPs using wild ginger extracts and to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of these AgNPs against multidrug-resistant (MDR) , , and .

Anal human papillomavirus infection among men who have sex with men and transgender women living with and without HIV in Pakistan: findings from a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection, genotypes and risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women living with and without HIV in Pakistan. Anal infection with HPV is very common worldwide among MSM, particularly among MSM living with HIV. The high prevalence of HIV among MSM and male-to-female transgendered individuals in Pakistan is a significant health concern since access to screening and health-seeking is often delayed in this stigmatised key population.

Bioherbicidal ability and weed management of allelopathic methyl esters from .

Allelochemicals are secondary metabolites which are not edible and can be used as growth regulators and bio-herbicides. The goal of current study was to assess allelopathic ability of (Sage-plant) flowers against weeds viz. (Wild oat), (Sun-spurge), (Goosefoot), (Canary-grass), and (Knotweed).

In Silico Validation, Fabrication and Evaluation of Nano-Liposomes of Bistorta amplexicaulis Extract for Improved Anticancer Activity Against Hepatoma Cell Line (HepG2).

Background: Bistorta amplexicaulis of the genus Polygonum (Polygonaceae) has been reported for its antioxidant and anticancer activities. However, the low cellular uptake of the compounds in its extract limits its therapeutic application.

Objectives: The present study aimed at developing a nanoliposomal carrier system for B.

Tuberculosis Resistance and Nanoparticles: Combating the Dual Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Macrophages for Tuberculosis Management.

Increasing drift in antimicrobial therapy failure against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and the advent of extended resistant strains strongly demand discovery of mechanisms underlying development of drug resistance. The emergence of resistance against anti-TB drugs has reached an alarming level in various parts of the world, providing an active platform for the design of new targeted drug delivery. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have an important role in controlling TB pathogenesis.

DNA electromagnetic properties and interactions -An investigation on intrinsic bioelectromagnetism within DNA.

The question whether intrinsic bioelectromagnetism exists within DNA or not is an important and so far unexplored area of biology. We carried out a study of isolated genetic material, utilizing both prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA, to measure any possible intrinsic electromagnetic effects or fields emanated within the molecules. Studies were carried out with extremely sensitive ultra-low-noise trans-impedance amplifiers and a high-precision data acquisition system to record any possible faintest electromagnetic signals from the concentrated, as well as diluted DNA, in vitro.

Folate grafted thiolated chitosan enveloped nanoliposomes with enhanced oral bioavailability and anticancer activity of docetaxel.

Folate grafted and thiolated chitosan was synthesized and wrapped on the surface of mixed phosphatidylcholine based nanoliposomes (NLs) to improve the oral absorption and targeted pharmacological activity of anti-cancer drugs against breast cancer. In this study, a chitosan derived thiomer, having intrinsic properties of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump inhibition, mucoadhesion and controlled drug release at a target site, was exploited to improve the performance of docetaxel (DTX) loaded NLs for better oral pharmacokinetics, targeted anti-cancer activity, liposomal stability and the physical characteristics of NLs. Thiomer enveloped nanoliposomes (ENLs) and bare nanoliposomes (NLs) were synthesized with the ingredient ratio pre-determined via Response Surface Methodology (RSM) plots by Design Expert® software.

Evaluation of antioxidant potential and HPLC based identification of phenolics in Polygonum amplexicaule extract and its fractions.

There is a growing interest for the plant-based medicines in pharmaceutical industry. Plant derived Antioxidants have gained huge importance regarding their medicinal value. The present study was designed to establish pharmaceutical value of Polygonum amplexicaule for their antioxidant activity using shoot, leaf and rhizome crude methanolic extract along with their n-butanolic, ethanolic, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions.

Hepatitis B virus among maintainence haemodialysis patients: a report from Karachi, Pakistan.

Objective: To study the characterstics, pattern of viral markers, hepatic transaminases and other associated hepatitis virus infections among maintainence haemodialysis patients.

Method: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the dialysis unit of Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation Karachi on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing maintainence haemodialysis from November 2009 to April 2010. Patients on anti-viral drugs were excluded Blood samples were taken, immediately before start of dialysis, for Hepatitis B virus serology, anti-HCV, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HBV DNA and biochemical tests.

Transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure monitoring in a specialized weaning unit.

Objective: To evaluate transcutaneously measured P(CO(2)) (P(tcCO(2))) values during ventilator weaning and during bronchoscopies on ventilated patients, and to compare P(tcCO(2)) values to P(aCO(2)) values from arterial blood analysis and end-tidal P(CO(2)) (P(ETCO(2))) values from capnography.

Methods: In our specialized weaning unit we measured P(tcCO(2)) in tracheostomized patients with prolonged weaning failure during daytime spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) (23 measurement sessions in 15 patients), during their first nights off the ventilator (12 measurement sessions in 12 patients), during bronchoscopy while ventilated (80 measurement sessions in 21 patients), simultaneous with arterial blood draw for blood gas analysis (48 measurements in 38 patients), and simultaneous with P(ETCO(2)) measurements (39 measurements in 31 patients).

Results: There were often large changes (> 10 mm Hg) in P(tcCO(2)) during daytime SBTs (23%) and the initial overnight off-the-ventilator periods (42%), which influenced the decisions of whether to continue the SBT.