Changes of th1 and th2 cytokines levels among sudanese tuberculosis patients during treatment.

Background: The interaction of T cells with infected macrophages depends on the interplay of cytokines produced in each cell, and this mechanism is a key to protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Extensive research has been devoted to studying the changes in systemic cytokine levels in patients with tuberculosis (TB), but the results are inconclusive. Determine Th1 and Th2 cytokine immune response levels among new TB patients compared to follow-up and healthy control.

Multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan.

This study investigates the prevalence of drug resistance and mutations in rpoB gene among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Kassala State, Sudan. In a cross-sectional study during 2011, sputum specimens (n = 90) were examined microscopically and grown cultures were identified by analysing IS6110 insertion sequence. Antimicrobial sensitivity and mutations in the rpoB gene were determined.