Histological and immunohistochemical study of the effect of ozone versus erythropoietin on induced skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury in adult male rats.

Ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury of skeletal muscles is a serious problem because of its local and systemic complications. Previous studies reported that ozone and erythropoietin could alleviate IR effect on several organs. The current research is established to evaluate the possible protective role of ozone versus erythropoietin following IR injury of the gastrocnemius muscle.

Epidermal growth factor attenuates lingual papillae lesions in a rat model of sialoadenectomy.

Salivary epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in the maintenance of the oral and gastro-esophageal mucosa. Sialoadenectomy delays healing of oral wounds and affects lingual papillae. In this work, we aimed to determine the effect of EGF deficiency induced by sialoadenectomy and evaluate the effect of exogenous EGF administration on the lingual papillae and taste buds in rats.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate liver injury in a rat model of sepsis by activating Nrf2 signaling.

Sepsis is a fatal condition that leads to serious systemic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. This study was designed to investigate the possible therapeutic effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on sepsis-induced liver injury. We also aimed to examine the role of Nrf2 activation in modulating the response to sepsis following BMSCs treatment.

Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of Single- and Multiple-Dose Hydrocodone Extended Release in Healthy Subjects.

Background And Objectives: Food intake can alter the pharmacokinetics of certain medications, including changes in their oral bioavailability, which is of particular concern for extended-release (ER) opioids because of the high drug loads. Two randomized, open-label studies assessed the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of single and multiple doses of hydrocodone ER formulated with CIMA Abuse-Deterrence Technology.

Methods: Healthy subjects in fed and fasted states received single 90-mg doses of hydrocodone ER (Studies 1 and 2) or multiple doses of hydrocodone ER (45 mg twice daily on days 2-3, 60 mg twice daily on days 4-5, 90 mg twice daily on days 6-10, and 90 mg once in the morning on day 11) (Study 2).

Effect of orally administered zinc oxide nanoparticles on albino rat thymus and spleen.

This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of oral intake of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the structure of thymus and spleen. Twenty-four young male Wistar albino rats were assigned into two groups: group I (control) and group II (ZnO NPs treated group).The thymus and spleen were analyzed biochemically, histopathologically and immunohistochemically.

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Single-Dose Inhaled Loxapine in Children and Adolescents.

This multisite open-label study sought to characterize the pharmacokinetics and safety of a single dose of inhaled loxapine in children and adolescents. Loxapine powder for oral inhalation was administered via a single-use handheld drug device to children and adolescents (aged 10-17 years) with any condition warranting chronic antipsychotic use. Patients were dosed according to body weight and cohort (<50 kg [n = 15], 2.

Clinical Trial Simulations and Pharmacometric Analysis in Pediatrics: Application to Inhaled Loxapine in Children and Adolescents.

Background And Objectives: Loxapine for inhalation is a drug-device combination product approved in adults for the acute treatment of agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder. The primary objective of this study was to develop a clinical trial protocol to support a phase I pharmacokinetic study in children aged 10 years and older. In addition, this report details the results of the clinical study in relation to the predicted likelihood of achieving the target exposure associated with therapeutic effect in adults.

An experimental study of a rat model of emphysema induced by cigarette smoke exposure and the effect of Survanta therapy.

The present study was performed to test the therapeutic effects of Survanta (an exogenous surfactant) on a Wistar rat model of emphysema. Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into the following groups; control subgroups Ia&b (n=14); emphysematous model subgroups IIa,b&c (n=21) exposed to cigarette smoke (CS), received phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and Survanta respectively. The levels of serum myeloperoxidase (MPO), lung tissue lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as well as antioxidants: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and oxidative stress: malondialdehyde (MDA) markers were measured.

Therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells on experimentally induced hypertensive cardiomyopathy in adult albino rats.

Hypertensive heart diseases affect millions of people worldwide. We aimed to investigate the hypertensive left ventricular histological changes and assess the effectiveness of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy in the treatment of hypertensive cardiomyopathy. Adult male albino rats were assigned into two groups: group I (control), group II (Experimental) subdivided into subgroup IIa (hypertensive) and subgroup IIb (stem cell therapy).

Therapeutic effect of spermatogonial stem cell on testicular damage caused by lead in rats.

Objective: To investigate the possible therapeutic effect of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) on lead-induced apoptosis and consequently infertility in adult male rats.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-six Sprague Dawley adult male rats were divided into three groups: control group, lead (Pb) acetate exposed group received (20mg Pb/kg) for 3weeks, and SSCs treated group. Each group included twenty-two rats.

Neuroprotective effects of placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in a rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Background: Current therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) are largely palliative, not curative. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) harbor regenerative and immunosuppressive functions, indicating a potential therapy for MS. A preparation of MSCs derived from full-term human placenta (PDMSCs) is a new approach in the treatment of patients with MS.

Mesenchymal stromal cell injection protects against oxidative stress in Escherichia coli-induced acute lung injury in mice.

Background Aims: Stem cells may be a promising therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies suggested that the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have anti-oxidative stress properties. We hypothesized that intravenous injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could attenuate Escherichia coli-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice by controlling the oxidative stress status.

Differential effects of eugenol against hepatic inflammation and overall damage induced by ischemia/re-perfusion injury.

Liver injuries, liver tumor resection, and liver transplantation are known to be responsible for ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury that, in turn, gives rise to liver damage. This study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective effect of eugenol against the damage induced by I/R in rat livers as well as to explore possible mechanisms of action. Male rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated, I/R only, and two groups that received 10 or 100 mg eugenol/kg/day (Eug10 and Eug100, respectively) for 15 days by gavage and were then subjected to I/R, i.

Hit to lead studies on (hetero)arylpyrimidines--agonists of the canonical Wnt-beta-catenin cellular messaging system.

A series of (hetero)arylpyrimidines agonists of the Wnt-beta-catenin cellular messaging system have been prepared. These compounds show activity in U2OS cells transfected with Wnt-3a, TCF-luciferase, Dkk-1 and tk-Renilla. Selected compounds show minimal GSK-3beta inhibition indicating that the Wnt-beta-catenin agonism activity most likely comes from interaction at Wnt-3a/Dkk-1.

(1-(4-(Naphthalen-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)methanamine: a wingless beta-catenin agonist that increases bone formation rate.

A high-throughput screening campaign to discover small molecule leads for the treatment of bone disorders concluded with the discovery of a compound with a 2-aminopyrimidine template that targeted the Wnt beta-catenin cellular messaging system. Hit-to-lead in vitro optimization for target activity and molecular properties led to the discovery of (1-(4-(naphthalen-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl)methanamine (5, WAY-262611). Compound 5 has excellent pharmacokinetic properties and showed a dose dependent increase in the trabecular bone formation rate in ovariectomized rats following oral administration.